<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-4911</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de opinión pública]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. opinión pública]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-4911</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-49112024000200095</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fcpys.24484911e.2024.37.88626</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Encuestas controladas por cuotas: una aproximación empírica a su error total]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Quota-controlled Surveys: an Empirical Approach to their Total Error]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penadés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mateos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Araceli]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bejarano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ester]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Salamanca  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Salamanca  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Salamanca Departamento de Sociología y Comunicación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>37</numero>
<fpage>95</fpage>
<lpage>114</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-49112024000200095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-49112024000200095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-49112024000200095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La mayor parte de los datos de encuesta disponibles para la investigación de la opinión pública y la prospectiva electoral mediante muestras representativas, en España y América Latina, se han obtenido con selección final de las personas entrevistadas mediante cuotas, un método no probabilístico. La fiabilidad de las estimaciones hechas a partir de estos datos es mal conocida y tiene poco respaldo teórico: se sabe bastante sobre sus sesgos, pero casi nada sobre su varianza y &#8220;margen de error&#8221;. Esta investigación estudia con métodos empíricos la variabilidad de las muestras obtenidas en los barómetros periódicos del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas de España (CIS), aprovechando la longitud y regularidad de algunas de sus series de estimación de parámetros estables. Los resultados muestran que el crecimiento de la varianza es moderado y está dentro de lo esperable en un diseño complejo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The majority of survey data available for public opinion research and electoral forecasting through representative samples, in Spain and Latin America, has been obtained with the final selection of interviewees through quotas, a non-probabilistic method. The reliability of the estimates made from this data is poorly understood and has little theoretical support: we know quite a bit about its biases, but almost nothing about its variance and &#8220;margin of error.&#8221; This research empirically studies the variability of the samples obtained in the periodic barometers of the Center for Sociological Research of Spain (CIS), taking advantage of the length and regularity of some of its series estimating stable parameters. We find that the growth of variance is moderate and is within what is expected in a complex design.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sondeos de opinión pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[encuestas electorales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[métodos de cuota]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fiabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Public opinion polls]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[electoral polls]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[quota sampling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reliability]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abundis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berrueto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berumen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De La Rosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penagos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La precisión de las encuestas electorales: un paradigma en movimiento]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional Electoral]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bates]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Battaglia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Couper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tourangeau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Summary report of the AAPOR task force on non-probability sampling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>90-143</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berinsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[American Public Opinion in the 1930s and 1940s.The Analysis of Quota-Controlled Sample Survey Data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Opinion Quarterly]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>499-529</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cantril]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Opinion Trends in World War II: Some Guides to Interpretation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Opinion Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1948</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>30-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtice]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sparrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How Accurate are Traditional Quota Opinion Polls]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Market Research]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The NORC General Social Survey: A user&#8217;s guide]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications, Inc]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deville]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Theory of Quota Surveys]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Survey Methodology]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>163-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz De Rada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Random Route and Quota Sampling: Do They Offer Any Advantage over Probably Sampling Methods?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Open Journal of Statistics]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>391-401</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Traugott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Report of the WAPOR Committee Reviewing the Pre-election Polls in the 2017 Presidential Election in Chile]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Association for Public Opinion Research (WAPOR)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frankel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frankel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fifty Years of Survey Sampling in the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Public Opinion Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>S127-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ganninger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimation of Design Effects for ESS Round II]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[European Social Survey Documentation]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaziano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative Analysis of Within-Household Respondent Selection Techniques]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Opinion Quarterly]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>124-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gschwend]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analyzing Quota Sample Data and the Peer-Review Process]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[French Politics]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>88-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Quota sampling: Old Plus New Thought. Web Survey Methodology]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Survey Sampling]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lohr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sampling: Design and Analysis]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Brooks]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lynn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jowell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How Might Opinion Polls be Improved? The Case for Probability Sampling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Royal Statistical Society]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>159</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diseño de encuestas de opinión: Barómetro CIS]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[QÜESTIÍO]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>343-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mateos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penadés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las encuestas electorales en la prensa escrita (2008-2011). Errores, sesgos y transparencia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Metodología de Encuestas]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>99-119</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimaciones de encuestas preelectorales en México: en busca de las principales fuentes de error]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Latinoamericana de Opinión Pública]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>44-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stuart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An experimental study of quota sampling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Royal Statistical Society]]></source>
<year>1953</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>349-405</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Page]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shapiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Rational Public: Fifty Years of Trends in Americans&#8217; Policy Preferences]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Körtner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bosch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bias and Variance in Multiparty Election Polls]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Opinion Quarterly]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1025-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shirani-Mehr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rothschild]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gelman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Disentangling Bias and Variance in Election Polls]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Statistical Association]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<numero>522</numero>
<issue>522</issue>
<page-range>607-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stephan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mccarthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sampling Opinions. An Analysis of Survey Procedure]]></source>
<year>1958</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stephenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probability Sampling With Quotas: An Experiment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Opinion Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>477-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sturgis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Callegaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jennings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lauderdale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Report of the Inquiry into the 2015 British general election opinion polls]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Market Research Society and British Polling Council]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sturgis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Callegaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jennings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lauderdale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An assessment of the causes of the errors in the 2015 UK general election opinion polls]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Royal Statistical Society]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>181</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>757-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sudman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Probability Sampling with Quotas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Statistical Association]]></source>
<year>1966</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>315</numero>
<issue>315</issue>
<page-range>749-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Horses for Courses: How Survey Firms in Different Countries Measure Public Opinion with Very Different Methods]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Market Research]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Very Different Methods Used to Conduct Telephone Surveys of the Public]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Market Research]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
