<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-4911</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de opinión pública]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. opinión pública]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-4911</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-49112018000200015</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fcpys.24484911e.2018.25.63322</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[&#8220;Caimanes del mismo pozo&#8221;. Populismo y representaciones de los medios y la prensa en la estabilización hegemónica del chavismo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[&#8220;Caimanes del mismo pozo&#8221;. Populism and Representations of the Media and the Press in the Hegemonic Stabilization of Chavismo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitzberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philip]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Torcuato di Tella  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>25</numero>
<fpage>15</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-49112018000200015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-49112018000200015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-49112018000200015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los populismos contemporáneos, de izquierda y de derecha, se han caracterizado por confrontarse con instituciones mediático-periodísticas establecidas. En la comunicación política de los liderazgos populistas, esto se refleja en cuestionamientos públicos sostenidos, a través de dispositivos de comunicación directa, a medios y/o periodismo, como parte o expresión de una elite opuesta al pueblo. Los objetivos de este trabajo son: primero, avanzar en la caracterización sistemática de las representaciones sobre la naturaleza, papel (rol) y funciones de medios y periodismo contenidas en los discursos públicos de los gobernantes que optan por antagonizar con estas instituciones; segundo, establecer factores explicativos de las inflexiones particulares y de las variaciones particulares de cada caso; tercero, explorar las conexiones entre discurso y estrategias políticas frente a las instituciones mediático-periodísticas. A través de un análisis del contenido de discursos e intervenciones públicas de Hugo Chávez enunciados entre 1999 y 2004, el artículo reconstruye la variación en presencia e intensidad de encuadres populistas sobre los medios en relación con las fases del conflicto político. Muestra, además, cómo factores, tales como los ideológicos, los patrones históricos de la relación Estado-medios en el petroestado venezolano y la dinámica particular del conflicto político, explican algunas de las representaciones sobre los medios y las orientaciones prácticas frente a ellos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Contemporary populisms, on the Left and on the Right, have tended to confront established media institutions. Their political communication reflects this confrontation in the sustained public questioning &#8213;through direct communication devices&#8213; of the media and/or journalism as part or expression of an elite opposed to the people. The article&#8217;s main goals are: first, to systematize the representations on the nature, role and functions of media and journalism contained in public discourses of government actors that opted to antagonize these institutions; second, to seek explanations to their variation; third, to explore the connections between discourse and political strategies regarding media and press institutions. Through a content analysis of Hugo Chávez&#8217;s public interventions occurred between 1999 and 2004, the article describes the presence and variation in populist framings on media and relates them with some phases of political conflict. It additionally shows how factors such as ideology, the historical patterns of media-State relations in the Venezuelan petrostate and the dynamics of political conflict shaped peculiar features of Chávez&#8217;s representations of the media and his practical orientations towards them.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Populismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hugo Chávez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[medios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[periodismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Populism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hugo Chávez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[journalism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aalberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Toril]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Frank]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reinemann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carsten]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strömbäck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesper]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vreese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claes de]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Populist Political Communication in Europe]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Routledge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nueva York]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Fourth Enemy: Journalism and Power in the Making of Peronist Argentina, 1930-1955]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Pensilvania ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Penn State University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cañizález]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lugo-Ocando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jairo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Media in Venezuela: The Revolution Was Televised, But No One Was Really Watching]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lugo-Ocando]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Media in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Maidenhead ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Open University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerbino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauro]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maluf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcia]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los Enlaces Ciudadanos del presidente Rafael Correa. Entre la exaltación del pueblo y el combate a los medios]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FLACSO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Selección de discursos del presidente de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones de la Presidencia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cimaglio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christopher]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;A Tiny and Closed Fraternity of Privileged Men&#8217;: The Nixon-Agnew Antimedia Campaign and the Liberal Roots of the US Conservative &#8216;Liberal Media&#8217; Critique]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Communication]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1-19</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Los Ángeles ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Southern California]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Rangel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eleazar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fragmento de un discurso]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tremamunno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marinellys]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chávez y los medios de comunicación social]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alfadil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Entman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Framing: Towards Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Communication]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>51-8</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frajman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Broadcasting Populist Leadership: Hugo Chávez and Aló Presidente]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Latin American Studies]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>501-26</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ariel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prensa tradicional y liderazgos populares en Brasil]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Raleigh ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial A Contracorriente]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitzberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philip]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Media Activism of Latin America&#8217;s Leftist Governments: Does Ideology Matter?]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hamburgo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitzberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philip]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Media Wars and the New Left: Governability and Media Democratization in Argentina and Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Latin American Studies]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>447-76</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitzberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philip]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Populismo o narcisismo? Donald Trump versus el periodismo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nueva Sociedad]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>270</numero>
<issue>270</issue>
<page-range>14-26</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación Friedrich Ebert]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitzberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philip]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Variaciones en la legislación de medios en América Latina y sus determinantes]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boczkowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pablo J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitchelstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eugenia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Titulares, hashtags y videoguegos. La comunicación en la era digital]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Manantial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knudson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jerry]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Press and National Revolution in Bolivia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journalism Monographs]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<numero>31</numero>
<issue>31</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Minneapolis ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laclau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Populismo: ¿qué nos dice el nombre?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panizza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El populismo como espejo de la democracia]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>51-70</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laclau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La razón populista]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lodola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitzberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Philip]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Politización y confianza en los medios de comunicación: Argentina durante el kirchnerismo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencia Política]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>635-58</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Maya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Margarita]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Del viernes negro al referendo revocatorio]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alfadil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lupien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pascal]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Media in Venezuela and Bolivia. Attacking the &#8216;Bad Left&#8217; from Below]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Perspectives]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>226-46</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SAGE, Thousand Oaks]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mudde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cas]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rovira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristobal]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exclusionary vs. Inclusionary Populism: Comparing Contemporary Europe and Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Government and Opposition]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>147-74</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mudde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cas]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rovira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristobal]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Populism. A Very Short Introduction]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ostiguy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pierre]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casullo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Esperanza]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Left versus Right Populism: Antagonism and the Social Other]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 67PSA Annual International Conference]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Glasgow, Reino Unido </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panizza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Introducción]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panizza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El populismo como espejo de la democracia]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauro]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Media Power and Democratization in Brasil. TV Globo and the Dilemmas of Political Accountabilit]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Routledge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nueva York]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schuliaquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ivan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El poder de los medios. Seis intelectuales en busca de definiciones]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Capital Intelectual]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feinman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sacha]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Invisible Continuities: The Media and Its Freedom in the Venezuelan Petrostate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lateinamerika Analysen]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<numero>19</numero>
<issue>19</issue>
<page-range>95-118</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hamburgo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[German Institute of Global and Area Studies]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vincent]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucía]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los medios y los fines. El gobierno de Néstor Kirchner y su relación con la prensa]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de San Martín]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waisbord]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Vox populista. Medios, periodismo y democracia]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gedisa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waisbord]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Populist Communication by Digital Means: Presidential Twitter in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Information, Communication and Society]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1330-46</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weyland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kurt]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clarifying a Contested Concept: Populism in the Study of Latin American Politics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Politics]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-22</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[City University of the New York (CUNY)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
