<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2444-6483</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Endoscopia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Endoscopia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2444-6483</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Mexicana de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2444-64832019000600363</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/end.m19000125</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Demografía del cáncer colorrectal en los últimos 5 años de un hospital oncológico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leal-Omar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zarate-Guzmán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jacobo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peniche-Moguel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil-Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nashiely]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Briones-Fraga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thalía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morones-Navarrete]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gisela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mena-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberth Alfonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Hospital de Oncología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<fpage>363</fpage>
<lpage>369</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2444-64832019000600363&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2444-64832019000600363&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2444-64832019000600363&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal es una amenaza importante para la salud pública a nivel mundial. En México no se conoce cuál es la verdadera epidemiologia debido a que existe un subregistro de esta enfermedad. Además, no sabemos si los factores de riesgo establecidos sean los mismos para nuestra población.  Objetivo: Conocer las características demográficas del cáncer colorrectal en la población del Hospital de Oncología del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del IMSS.  Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo de una cohorte. Se revisaron todas las colonoscopias de pacientes con sospecha o con diagnóstico ya conocido de cáncer colorrectal en el HO del CMN Siglo XXI del IMSS en los últimos 5 años (2014-2019). Se analizaron los siguientes datos: edad de presentación, género, factores de riesgo asociados, síntomas, antecedentes heredofamiliares, localización anatómica, histología; así como la estadificación del cáncer, presencia de anemia y de metástasis al momento del diagnóstico; porcentaje de enfermedades de alto riesgo que desarrollaron dicha neoplasia.  Resultados: Se revisaron 7302 colonoscopias en los últimos 5 años, 3436 tuvieron cáncer colorrectal. 1871 hombres (54.45%) y 1565 mujeres (45.55%), edad promedio de diagnóstico 60 años (24-95), 722 personas detectadas antes de los 50 años (21%), el adenocarcinoma fue el más frecuente (96.1%), antecedentes heredofamiliares de primer grado positivos en 7.74%, diabetes mellitus en 19.78%, tabaquismo en 24.9%, etilismo en 21.1%, obesidad en 7.95%. El colon derecho fue la localización más frecuente (39.49%). Síntomas como pérdida de peso, dolor abdominal crónico y rectorragia presentes en más del 60% de la población, 44.44% estaba en etapa clínica IV, anemia en 47.85% y metástasis en 41.96% al momento del diagnóstico. De la población estudiada 1.2% ya contaba con el diagnostico de síndrome de Lynch, 0.8% con poliposis adenomatosa familiar y el 0.2% con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.  Conclusiones: El HO es un hospital de concentración, lo que explica el alto porcentaje de neoplasia encontrada. Los síntomas gastrointestinales crónicos como dolor abdominal vago y rectorragia deben ser abordados con profundidad en todos los grupos etarios, por una parte, porque cerca de la mitad de los pacientes se presentaron en una etapa incurable, y por otra porque se detectó un porcentaje considerable de la población antes de los 50 años. En el IMSS y en nuestro país se debe continuar mejorando en los programas de prevención, tamizaje y detección oportuna de esta neoplasia, por lo que deben ser implementados para la población mexicana en riesgo, de esa manera los médicos de primer contacto podrán derivar en forma oportuna a un centro terciario especializado para complementación diagnostica y tratamiento, para que estas personas en edad productiva permanezcan de esa manera sin afectar a la población dependiente y a la sociedad en general, ya que el cáncer colorrectal es curable y prevenible cuando es detectado en etapa temprana.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a major threat to public health globally. In Mexico, it is not known what the true epidemiology is because there is an under-registration of this disease. In addition, we do not know if the established risk factors are the same for our population.  Objective: To know the demographic characteristics of colorectal cancer in the population of the Hospital de Oncología del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del IMSS.  Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive study of a cohort. All colonoscopies of patients with suspected or already known diagnosis of colorectal cancer in HO del CMN Siglo XXI del IMSS in the last 5 years (2014-2019) were reviewed. The following data were analyzed: age of presentation, gender, associated risk factors, symptoms, heresedling history, anatomical location, histology; as well as the staging of cancer, the presence of anemia and metastases at the time of diagnosis; percentage of high-risk diseases that developed neoplasm.  Results: 7302 colonoscopies were reviewed in the last 5 years, 3436 had colorectal cancer. 1871 men (54.45%) and 1565 women (45.55%), average age of diagnosis 60 years (24-95), 722 people detected before the age of 50 (21%), adenocarcinoma was the most common (96.1%), positive first-degree inherited history at 7.74%, diabetes mellitus at 19.78%, smoking at 24.9%, ethylism at 21.1%, obesity at 7.95%. The right colon was the most frequent location (39.49%). Symptoms such as weight loss, chronic abdominal pain and rectal hemorrhage present in more than 60% of the population, 44.44% were in clinical stage IV, anemia at 47.85% and metastasis at 41.96% at the time of diagnosis. Of the population studied 1.2% already had the diagnosis of Lynch syndrome, 0.8% with familiaal adenomatous polyposis and 0.2% with inflammatory bowel disease.  Conclusions: HO is a concentration hospital, which explains the high percentage of neoplasm found. Chronic gastrointestinal symptoms such as vague abdominal pain and rectorate should be dealt with in depth in all age groups, on the one hand, because about half of the patients were presented at an incurable stage, and on the other because a significant percentage of the population before the age of 50. In the IMSS and in our country we must continue to improve in the programs of prevention, screening and timely detection of this neoplasm, so they must be implemented for the mexican population at risk, so that first contact doctors can lead to in a timely manner to a specialized tertiary center for diagnostic supplementation and treatment, so that these productive-age people remain so unaffected to the dependent population and society at large, as colorectal cancer is curable and preventable when detected at an early stage.]]></p></abstract>
</article-meta>
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