<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2444-054X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía y cirujanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. cir.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2444-054X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2444-054X2021000200223</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/ciru.20000060</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hallazgos clínicos y sociodemográficos en una cohorte de 4632 pacientes pediátricos con trastornos del lenguaje, del habla y del aprendizaje]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Clinical and sociodemographic findings in a cohort of 4632 pediatric patients with language, speech and learning disorders]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulina C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arch-Tirado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emilio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leyva-Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adame-Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villarruel-Rivas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Concepción]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lino-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra Servicio de Patología del Lenguaje ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Médico ABC Santa Fe Centro Neurológico ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra Área de Discapacidad del Lenguaje Subdirección de Investigación Clínica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>223</fpage>
<lpage>232</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2444-054X2021000200223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2444-054X2021000200223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2444-054X2021000200223&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo: Describir y analizar aspectos clínicos y sociodemográficos de una cohorte de pacientes con trastornos del lenguaje, del habla y del aprendizaje.  Método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. Se seleccionaron expedientes de 4632 pacientes (años 2011 a 2015). Se calcularon medias, desviaciones estándar, porcentajes y frecuencias, Con la finalidad de evaluar si existía diferencia significativa entre variables se utilizó la prueba de ji al cuadrado y se realizó un análisis de probabilidad condicional entre las variables para obtener la probabilidad a priori y a posteriori.  Resultados: Los trastornos del lenguaje, del habla y del aprendizaje se presentaron con mayor frecuencia en el sexo masculino, con 3358 pacientes (72.5%). El diagnóstico más frecuente fue el trastorno del lenguaje, diagnosticado en 2924 pacientes (63.1%). Se encontraron mayores incidencia y prevalencia de retraso del lenguaje en el sexo masculino (p &lt; 0.05).  Conclusiones: De todas las variables estudiadas, solo la incidencia de retraso en el desarrollo del lenguaje con respecto al sexo masculino fue significativa; de cada cuatro pacientes, tres eran de sexo masculino y uno de sexo femenino.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective: To describe and analyze clinical and sociodemographic aspects of a cohort of patients with language, speech and learning disorder.  Method: Descriptive retrospective study. Patient records (2011 to 2015) were selected, making up a total of 4632. Averages, standard deviations, percentages and frequencies were calculated; in order to assess whether there was a significant difference between variables, chi squared test and a conditional probability analysis was performed between the variables to obtain a priori and a posteriori probability.  Results: Disorders of language, speech and learning occurred more frequently in males, 3358 patients (72.5%). The most frequent diagnosis was language development disorder, diagnosed in 2924 patients (63.1%). A higher incidence and prevalence of language delay were found for the male sex (p &lt; 0.05).  Conclusions: Of all the variables studied, only the incidence of delay in language development with respect to the male sex was significant; three out of four patients were male and 1 female.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Aprendizaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Habla]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lenguaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trastorno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Speech]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Language]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Disorder]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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