<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2444-054X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cirugía y cirujanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cir. cir.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2444-054X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2444-054X2020000500562</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/ciru.20000561</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Anxiety, depression, and stress in response to the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ansiedad, depression y estrés como respuesta a la pandemia de COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno-Murguía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Madeleine B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crow-Buchanan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Olliever]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[English]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jane A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano-Alcázar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jaime]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Somilleda-Ventura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Selma A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz Centro de Investigación Biomédica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Mexico City  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Central Oklahoma Women´s Research Center ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Oklahoma]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Hospital Nuestra Señora de la Luz Medical Direction ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>562</fpage>
<lpage>568</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2444-054X2020000500562&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2444-054X2020000500562&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2444-054X2020000500562&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the state of anxiety, depression, and stress present in the society during the development of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic.  Methods: Mixed methods study; a three-section questionnaire was developed which included sociodemographic, perceptions, emotions, and behaviors related to the 2019 coronavirus pandemic, and two emotional assessment psychometric tests. The proportions and confidence intervals of the variables were calculated and compared using the Chi-square test.  Results: More than 40% of the subjects presented some degree of anxiety and 41.3% depression; the proportion of stress was &lt; 30%. Of the subjects who experienced anxiety, 18.6% also had moderate-to-very severe depression or stress.  Conclusion: There are emotional indicators derived from the 2019 coronavirus pandemic in almost half of the study population. The identification and timely treatment of these states could lessen the psychological impact due to 2019 coronavirus.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo: Determinar el estado de ansiedad, depresión y estrés en la sociedad durante el desarrollo de la pandemia de COVID-19.  Método: Estudio de métodos mixtos. Se desarrolló un cuestionario de tres secciones que incluía aspectos sociodemográficos, percepciones, emociones y comportamientos relacionados con la pandemia de COVID-19, y dos pruebas psicométricas de evaluación emocional. Las proporciones y los intervalos de confianza de las variables se calcularon y compararon mediante la prueba de ji al cuadrado.  Resultados: Más del 40% de los sujetos presentaron algún grado de ansiedad y el 41,3% de depresión; la proporción de estrés fue inferior al 30%. De los sujetos que experimentaron ansiedad, el 18.6% también tenía depresión o estrés moderado a muy intenso.  Conclusión: Existen indicadores emocionales derivados de la pandemia de COVID-19 en casi la mitad de la población del estudio. La identificación y el tratamiento oportuno de estos estados podrían disminuir el impacto psicológico debido al COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Anxiety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coronavirus disease-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Depression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pandemic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Psychological effects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ansiedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Depresión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Efectos psicológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pandemia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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