<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2395-8782</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ciencia ergo sum]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cienc. ergo-sum]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2395-8782</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Instituto Literario]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2395-87822024000100257</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30878/ces.v31n0a42</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La evolución cultural como analogía de la evolución biológica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cultural evolution as an analog of biological evolution]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Orozco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2395-87822024000100257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2395-87822024000100257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2395-87822024000100257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se busca demostrar que la cultura humana se ha encontrado siempre bajo un proceso de evolución continuo en donde los mecanismos que conducen la evolución biológica son también patentes en la evolución cultural. Para ello, se revisaron los procesos que actualmente, se sabe, influyen en la evolución de las especies para así identificar puntos de analogía con los cambios suscitados en las distintas culturas que en nuestra historia se han registrado. Con esto se comprende mejor el origen de la amplia variabilidad cultural y al final se propone que su pérdida puede representar un riesgo para la supervivencia de nuestra especie de manera similar al de la pérdida de diversidad biológica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This essay attempts to demonstrate that human culture has been under a process of continuous evolution in which the mechanisms that drive biological evolution are also evident in cultural evolution. To this end, the mechanisms that are known to influence the evolution of species were reviewed to identify points of analogy with the changes that have occurred in the different cultures that have existed in our history. Thus, the origin of the wide cultural variability is better understood. Furthermore, it is suggested that the loss of cultural variability may represent a risk for the survival of our species in a similar way to the risk represented by the loss of biological diversity.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evolución]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[variabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[evolution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[culture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[variability]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boesch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Wild Cultures: A comparison between chimpanzee and human cultures]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kirchner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bramanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Absence of the lactase-persistence-associated allele in early neolithic Europeans]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>104</volume>
<page-range>3736-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavalli-Sforza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feldman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cultural transmission and evolution: A quantitative approach]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Princeton ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Princeton University Pres]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cleland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biodiversity and ecosystem stability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Education Knowledge]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>14.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Darwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex]]></source>
<year>1871</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Golden Classic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lahr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The evolution of the diversity of cultures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Science]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>366</volume>
<numero>1567</numero>
<issue>1567</issue>
<page-range>1080-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bamshad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dixon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seielstad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batzer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The distribution of human genetic diversity: a comparison of mitochondrial, autosomal, and Y-chromosome data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Journal of Human Genetics]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>979-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kühl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boesch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kulik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arandjelovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dieguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bocksberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McElreath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agbor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angedakin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayimisin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barubiyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bessone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brazzola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chancellor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Human impact erodes chimpanzee behavioral diversity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>363</volume>
<numero>6434</numero>
<issue>6434</issue>
<page-range>1453-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matthews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feldman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An introduction to niche construction theory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Evolutionary Ecology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>191-202</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O&#8217;Brien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultural niche construction: An introduction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biological Theory]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>191-202</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linnen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoekstra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adaptive evolution of multiple traits through multiple mutations at a single gene]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>339</volume>
<numero>6125</numero>
<issue>6125</issue>
<page-range>1312-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Losos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Convergence, adaptation, and constraint. Evolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Organic Evolution]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1827-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matthews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jokela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narwani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Räsänen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pomati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altermatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spaak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vorburger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On biological evolution and environmental solutions.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Science of the Total Environment]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>724</volume>
<page-range>138194</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richerson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Cultural Psychology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Guilford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Guilford Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stringer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The origin and evolution of Homo sapiens. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biological Sciences]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>371</volume>
<numero>1698</numero>
<issue>1698</issue>
<page-range>20150237</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitehead]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rendell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osborne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Würsig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Culture and conservation of non-humans with reference to whales and dolphins]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biological Conservation]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>120</volume>
<page-range>427-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whiten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goodall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGrew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nishida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reynolds]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugiyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tutin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wrangham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boesch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultures in chimpanzees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>399</volume>
<page-range>682-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultural extinction in evolutionary perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Evolutionary Human Sciences]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>E30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
