<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2395-8669</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Nóesis. Revista de ciencias sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Nóesis, Rev. cienc. soc. humanid.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2395-8669</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Administración]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2395-86692020000100023</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20983/noesis.2020.1.2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Del populismo al autoritarismo legalizado. Análisis histórico comparado entre Venezuela y Nicaragua]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[From populism to legalized authoritarianism. Historical comparative analysis between Venezuela and Nicaragua]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de los Andes  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>57</numero>
<fpage>23</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2395-86692020000100023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2395-86692020000100023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2395-86692020000100023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Venezuela y Nicaragua tienen trayectorias socioeconómicas, políticas e institucionales muy diferentes entre sí. Sin embargo, en la contemporaneidad comparten la calificación de democracias mínimas por diversos análisis. Por ello, nos planteamos como objetivo de investigación analizar desde perspectiva histórica comparada la evolución de los sistemas políticos de Venezuela y Nicaragua, con énfasis en la configuración y gobierno del chavismo y del orteguismo. La metodología utilizada es el Análisis Histórico Comparado (AHC). En el artículo se afirma que si bien los rasgos de los fenómenos del populismo y del autoritarismo legalizado se superponen temporalmente, se observa que al principio de los períodos presidenciales de Chávez y Ortega resaltó el populismo y luego se fueron haciendo más autoritarios.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Venezuela and Nicaragua have very different socio-economic, political and institutional trajectories. However, in the contemporaneity they share the qualification of minimal democracies by different analysis. For this reason, we set out as a research objective to analyze the evolution of Venezuela and Nicaragua political systems from an historical compared perspective, emphasizing the chavismo and orteguismo configuration and government. The used research method is a Comparative Historical Analysis (CHA). The article states that although the features of the phenomena of populism and legalized authoritarianism temporarily overlap, it is observed that at the beginning of Chavez and Ortega presidential periods, populism stood out and then became more authoritarian.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Populismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Autoritarismo legalizado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Democracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chavismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Orteguismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Populism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Legalized authoritarianism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Democracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chavismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Orteguismo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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