<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2306-4102</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta ortopédica mexicana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta ortop. mex]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2306-4102</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Ortopedia y Traumatología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2306-41022020000400254</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Síndrome de insuficiencia torácica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Thoracic insufficiency syndrome]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devaris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arroyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Restrepo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuneo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marrero-Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital de la Concepción San German  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Puerto Rico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central del Caribe Escuela de Medicina Bayamon ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Puerto Rico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ponce Health Sciences University Ponce School of Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ponce ]]></addr-line>
<country>Puerto Rico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Clínica del Country  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pereira Rossell Departamento de Ortopedia y Traumatología Pediátrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montevideo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Uruguay</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de La Plata Servicio Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovico ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Plata ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Puerto Rico Escuela Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Puerto Rico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>254</fpage>
<lpage>260</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2306-41022020000400254&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2306-41022020000400254&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2306-41022020000400254&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Los procesos que afecten el crecimiento normal o la función del tórax causarán el síndrome de insuficiencia torácica (SIT). Éste se define como la incapacidad del tórax de sostener una respiración normal y/o crecimiento pulmonar. La etiología del síndrome puede ser secundaria a deformidades de la columna, deformidades globales del tórax, disfunción neuromuscular o la combinación de éstas. Su manifestación se basa en un historial que resalta síntomas respiratorios, un examen físico que demuestra deformidad del tórax, hallazgos anormales radiográficos y/o tomografía computarizada del pecho, acompañados de alteración en la función pulmonar o de otros estudios de la función respiratoria. Este síndrome debe ser tratado con premura debido a que progresivamente empeora con el agravamiento de la condición subyacente, lo que resulta irreversiblemente desfavorable en los cambios fisiológicos del pulmón y se relaciona con insuficiencia respiratoria durante el desarrollo. El tratamiento expansor de costilla conocido en inglés como vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) propone restaurar el volumen y la función torácica con el propósito de permitir el crecimiento del tórax a través del desarrollo del paciente. El tratamiento se dirige a los componentes de la caja torácica como una unidad, con el fin de prevenir o tratar la insuficiencia respiratoria. Sus indicaciones incluyen niños con escoliosis de desarrollo temprano que sean propensos a desarrollar el SIT. El procedimiento propuesto conlleva una alta incidencia de complicaciones y resultados conflictivos que limitan su eficacia como tratamiento, por lo que es un tema de gran controversia en la literatura médica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The compendium of disorders that affect the normal growth or function of the thorax will cause Thoracic Insufficiency Syndrome (TIS). TIS is defined as the inability of the chest to sustain normal breathing and/or lung growth. The etiology of the syndrome may be secondary to spinal deformities, global deformities of the chest, neuromuscular dysfunction or the combination of any these. Its manifestation is based on a history that highlights respiratory symptoms, a physical examination that demonstrates chest deformity, abnormal radiographic findings and/or computed tomography of the chest, accompanied by alterations in lung function or other studies of respiratory function. This syndrome must be treated with haste since it progressively worsens with the aggravation of the underlying condition(s) which is unfavorable to the irreversible physiological changes of the lung that occur during development, and are directly related to the respiratory insufficiencies. The vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) was developed as a treatment procedure that aims to restore the volume and function of the thorax with the purpose of enabling thoracic growth during the development of the child or adolescent. The treatment targets the components of the rib cage as a unit, in order to prevent or treat respiratory insufficiencies. Its indications include children with early development scoliosis who are prone to develop SIT. The proposed procedure entails a high incidence of complications and conflicting results that limit its efficacy as a treatment, which is why it is a subject of great controversy in the medical literature.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Síndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tórax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[columna]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tratamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thorax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[treatment]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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