<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-9028</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ecosistemas y recur. agropecuarios]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-9028</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-90282026000100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19136/era.a13n1.4529</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Tiempo de retención hidráulico y su efecto en la productividad de acelga y carpa Koi en un sistema acuapónico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hydraulic retention time and its effect on the productivity of Swiss chard and Koi carp in an aquaponic system]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Aguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Romina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Israel Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Plascencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albertos-Alpuche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Yáñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guanajuato Departamento de Veterinaria y Zootecnia Laboratorio de Acuicultura]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Irapuato Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chihuahua chihuahua]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-90282026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-90282026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-90282026000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La acuaponía es un sistema sostenible que combina el cultivo de peces y la producción hidropónica de plantas, donde el tiempo de retención hidráulico (TRH) influye directamente en la disponibilidad de nutrientes derivados de los desechos de los peces. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de seis TRH (40, 60, 80, 100, 120 y 140 min) sobre el rendimiento de acelga (Beta vulgaris var. Cicla) y el crecimiento de carpa Koi (Cyprinus carpio var. Koi) en un sistema acuapónico. Se cultivaron 144 plántulas durante 40 días en camas hidropónicas y se mantuvieron 350 juveniles de carpa en el estanque principal. Se evaluaron variables morfométricas vegetales (altura, número de hojas, peso hojas-tallo, peso raíz, longitud raíz, cobertura foliar), de peces (talla, peso, factor de condición, tasa específica de crecimiento) y parámetros de calidad del agua (temperatura, oxígeno disuelto, pH, conductividad eléctrica). Los resultados mostraron que el TRH influyó significativamente en el desarrollo de la acelga, siendo los tratamientos de 100-140 min los más productivos, sin afectar el crecimiento de los peces. Se identificó, además, la necesidad de suplementar oxígeno en las camas hidropónicas para mantener la salud y rendimiento de las plantas. En conclusión, un manejo hidráulico óptimo en el rango de 120 min maximiza la producción vegetal sin comprometer el bienestar y crecimiento de la carpa Koi, lo que representa una estrategia eficiente para sistemas acuapónicos de pequeña escala.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Aquaponics is a sustainable system that integrates fish farming with hydroponic plant production, where the hydraulic retention time (HRT) directly influences the availability of nutrients derived from fish waste. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of six HRTs (40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140 min) on the yield of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris var. Cicla) and the growth of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Koi) in an aquaponic system. A total of 144 seedlings were cultivated for 40 days in hydroponic beds, and 350 juvenile koi carp were maintained in the main tank. Plant morphometric variables (height, number of leaves, leaf-stem weight, root weight, root length, foliar coverage), fish variables (length, weight, condition factor, specific growth rate), and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity) were evaluated. Results showed that HRT significantly influenced Swiss chard development, with treatments of 100-140 min achieving the highest productivity, without affecting fish growth. Furthermore, oxygen supplementation in the hydroponic beds was identified as necessary to maintain plant health and yield. In conclusion, optimal hydraulic management within the 120 min range maximizes plant production without compromising koi carp growth and welfare, representing an efficient strategy for small-scale aquaponic systems.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Acuicultura ornamental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desempeño de crecimiento vegetal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dinámica de nutrientes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[producción sostenible de alimentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistemas de recirculación acuícola]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ornamental aquaculture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[plant growth performance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nutrient dynamics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainable food production]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[recirculating aquaculture systems]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrient management regime affects water quality, crop growth, and nitrogen use efficiency of aquaponic systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientia Horticulturae]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>256</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
