<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-8447</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista biomédica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biomédica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-8447</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi Naturaleza]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-84472016000300119</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32776/revbiomed.v27i3.540</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hemotórax: etiología, diagnóstico, tratamiento y complicaciones]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hemothorax: etiology, diagnosis, treatment and complications]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortes-Telles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueroa-Hurtado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Esperanza]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán Departamento de Neumología Laboratorio de Fisiología Pulmonar]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,IMSS Centro Médico La Raza Departamento de Neumología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos Neumología Pediátrica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>119</fpage>
<lpage>126</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-84472016000300119&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-84472016000300119&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-84472016000300119&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La sospecha de hemotórax inicia con una historia clínica adecuada, particularmente, el padecimiento actual, por ejemplo, casos con trauma torácico. El paso inicial de la evaluación es diferenciar los derrames pleurales hemorrágicos de los verdaderos hemotórax. Confirmar el diagnóstico de manera temprana es fundamental, dado que, conforme progresan las fases de organización del coágulo, se van desarrollando adherencias entre la superficie del parénquima pulmonar y la pleura parietal, aspecto que dificulta evacuarlo mediante drenaje pleural convencional. La radiografía de tórax continúa siendo el estudio complementario inicial, sin embargo, es importante realizar estudios adicionales que permitan orientar la decisión terapéutica; la elección del análisis paraclínico puede justificarse con base en la experiencia y disponibilidad de recursos en el centro de atención. La instalación del tratamiento primario es crucial e inicia con el drenaje de la cavidad torácica vía sonda pleural en la mayoría de los casos; el uso de fibrinolíticos se considera de segunda línea y particularmente en hemotórax coagulado o casos que tienen riesgos significativos de complicaciones al someterse a un procedimiento quirúrgico mayor (Por ejemplo. decorticación). Las complicaciones se pueden disminuir al sistematizar el enfoque diagnóstico-terapéutico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Initial approach of cases with suspected hemothorax begins with a complete clinical history (eg. recent thoracic trauma). The first step is to differentiate hemorrhagic pleural effusion of true hemothorax; then, prompt diagnosis is essential. We must keep in mind, as time progresses, the clot firmly adheres to the lung and pleural surface making it difficult to treat; therefore, any delay in this process diminishes the opportunity to evacuate the hemothorax through conventional thoracostomy with chest tube insertion and pleural drainage. Chest X-ray still the initial study, however, complementary tests should be performed in order to guide therapeutic decisions. The choice must be justified on local availability and experience. Undoubtedly, primary evacuation is mandatory; fibrinolytics are reserved as second-line treatment, also can be considered in coagulated hemothorax or patients who are at a high risk of surgical complications. In order to diminish any morbidity it is advisable to perform a systematic diagnostic and therapeutic approach.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hemotórax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hemotórax coagulado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[toracoscopia video-asistida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tratamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sonda pleural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trauma de tórax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hemothorax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coagulated hemothorax]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[thoracic trauma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[treatment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pleural drainage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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