<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-8064</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Entreciencias: diálogos en la sociedad del conocimiento]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Entreciencias: diálogos soc. conoc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-8064</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-80642023000100020</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/enesl.20078064e.2023.25.86607</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desentrañando la trampa del ingreso medio en México. Un enfoque de complementariedad institucional visto desde la industria automotriz]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Unraveling the middle-income trap in Mexico. An institutional complementarity approach as seen from the automotive industry]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Covarrubias Valdenebro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alex]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,El Colegio de Sonora  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Regional de Formación Profesional Docente de Sonora  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>25</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-80642023000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-80642023000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-80642023000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo: contribuir al estudio de la Trampa del Ingreso Medio (TIM) instrumentando el concepto de complementariedad institucional. Esto es, el principio de que el funcionamiento de una institución afecta el desempeño de otras instituciones, en tanto que los grados de complementariedad afectan la competitividad.  Diseño metodológico:  se trabajó desde una industria estratégica de alta tecnología como es la automotriz en México (IAM). Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con técnicas variadas de recopilación de información, generación y análisis de datos, incluyendo entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante e información documental del sector, así como análisis de discurso, apoyado con el software analítico NVivo.  Resultados:  se identificaron cinco limitantes de complementariedad institucional que contribuyen a extender la TIM: silos y trabajo cortoplacista, ausencia de eslabones para llevar la tecnología de la academia a la industria, limitada promoción y desarrollo multidisciplinar y transdisciplinar, limites en la coordinación nacional de ciencia y tecnología y una estructura industrial carente de cultura en relación con la I&amp;D.  Limitaciones de la investigación: la exploración empírica se limitó a una industria. Hace falta extender la exploración hacia otros sectores estratégicos exportadores como el eléctrico-electrónico, el aeroespacial, el farmacéutico, para probar las capacidades de generalización y replicación del modelo y proposición presentada.  Hallazgos:  la precaria complementariedad institucional entre las agendas de innovación gubernamentales, privadas y académicas, así como al interior de ellas, limita los resultados alcanzados en materia de innovación y escalamientos en la IAM y su rol como locomotora de otras industrias, pese a contar con una de las plataformas productivas con mayor capacidad y con una gama de iniciativas para innovar y aprender de ella, extendiendo, por lo tanto, la prevalencia de la TIM en México. La complementariedad institucional es un concepto alternativo útil para desentrañar la TIM.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Purpose:  Contribute to the study of the middle-income trap (MIT) by implementing the concept of institutional complementarity. That is, the principle that the operation of an institution affects the performance of other institutions, while degrees of complementarity affect competitiveness.  Methodological design:  This work is a study of a strategic high-tech industry such as the automotive industry in Mexico. A qualitative methodology was used including semi-structured interviews, participative observation, and documentary and discourse analysis using NVivo software.  Results:  Five limitations of institutional complementarity were identified that contribute to extending the MIT: silos and short-term work, lack of links to bring technology from academia to industry, limited multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary promotion and development, limits in national science coordination and technology and an industrial structure lacking a culture of R&amp;D.  Research limitations: The empirical exploration was limited to one industry. It is necessary to extend the exploration to cover other strategic export sectors such as electrical-electronic, aerospace, or pharmaceutical industries, to test the generalization and replication capabilities of the model and proposition presented.  Findings:  The precarious institutional complementarity between government, private and academic innovation agendas, as well as within them, limits the results achieved in terms of innovation and escalations in the automotive industry in Mexico and its role as a locomotive for other industries, despite being one of the productive platforms with the greatest capacity and with a range of initiatives to innovate and learn from, therefore extending the prevalence of the middle-income trap in Mexico. Institutional complementarity is a useful alternative concept to unravel the middle-income trap.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trampa del ingreso medio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[complementariedad institucional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[industria automotriz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[middle-income trap]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[institutional complementarity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[automotive industry]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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<page-range>173-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
