<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-4964</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Intersticios sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Intersticios sociales]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-4964</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de Jalisco A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-49642020000100007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Homo reciprocans: constructor de instituciones]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Homo Reciprocans: Builder of Institutions]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alpuche de la Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ezequiel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico Nacional de México unidad Chimalhuacán ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico Nacional de México unidad Chimalhuacán ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>19</numero>
<fpage>7</fpage>
<lpage>37</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-49642020000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-49642020000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-49642020000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo los rasgos cooperativos de los seres humanos (homo reciprocans) permiten el diseño, implementación y sostenibilidad de las instituciones en la sociedad. Para tal efecto se hace un recorrido teórico de las motivaciones que determinan la toma de decisiones en los individuos humanos. Posteriormente, se revisan los trabajos empíricos que corroboran que el monismo motivacional no es suficiente para explicar el complejo proceso de las decisiones humanas. Se recurre al análisis de algunos postulados teóricos los cuales sostienen que las acciones humanas derivan de motivaciones múltiples y ampliamente variables en su grado de intensidad, derivados del contexto, la experiencia y que interactúan entre sí. Dicho recorrido teórico incluye las teorías del diseño institucional, la elección racional, la complejidad y la cooperación; las cuales muestran que los humanos están fuertemente motivados por la aversión a la inequidad, la reciprocidad fuerte (cooperación con quien coopera con nosotros) y la reciprocidad negativa (castigo altruista a los oportunistas). Estos aspectos de la conducta pueden considerarse como el mecanismo que hace posible la cooperación humana. Sin embargo, para sostener la cooperación se requiere de incentivos como las sanciones y los filtros que guían la conducta individual hacia aquellas socialmente aceptables. De esta forma, la reciprocidad sumada a las sanciones y los filtros generan las bases de lo que se llama el capital social.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze how the cooperative traits of human beings (homo reciprocans) allow the design, implementation and sustainability of society&#8217;s institutions. To this end, it undertakes a theoretical journey through the motivations that determine decision-making in humans. After that, a series of empirical works are reviewed which corroborate the affirmation that motivational monism does not suffice to explain the complex processes of human decision-making. We thus turn to the analysis of certain theoretical postulates which argue that human actions derive from multiple motivations and vary widely in their degree of intensity, influenced as they are by context, experience and interaction. This review covers the theories of institutional design, rational choice, complexity, and cooperation, which show that humans are strongly motivated by strong reciprocity (i.e., cooperation with those who cooperate with us) and negative reciprocity (altruistic punishment of opportunists), but averse to inequality. These aspects of behavior can be seen as the mechanisms that enable human cooperation. However, sustaining cooperation requires incentives; that is, sanctions and filters that guide individual behavior towards what is deemed socially acceptable. Hence, reciprocity, added to sanctions and filters, generates the bases of what is called social capital.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cooperación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reciprocidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[instituciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[altruismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cooperation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reciprocity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[institutions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[altruism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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