<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-4298</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Botanical Sciences]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bot. sci]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-4298</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Botánica de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-42982016000300563</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17129/botsci.552</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Does Criollo cocoa have the same exophysiological characteristics as Forastero?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Tiene el cacao Criollo las mismas características ecofisiológicas que el Forastero?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tezara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Wilmer]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ramón]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ilsa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Osmary]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azócar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iraima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central de Venezuela Facultad de Ciencias Instituto de Biología Experi mental]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de los Andes Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales Laboratorio Ecofisiología de Cultivos]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corpozulia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[El Vigía Zulia]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Técnica Luis Vargas Torres Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales Estación Experimental Mútiles]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Esmeraldas ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>563</fpage>
<lpage>574</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-42982016000300563&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-42982016000300563&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-42982016000300563&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Background:  The Palma Real Mountain of Venezuela has Criollo and Forastero cocoa trees of over 50 years old. These individuals are considered ancestral representatives of high quality cocoa that have survived for many years in this location without any agronomic management.  Question:  This study shows some physiological traits of these old trees, in order to determine whether differences exist in photosynthetic capacity and some biochemical parameters between the two types of cocoa growing under natural conditions.  Studied species: Theobroma cacao L. Study site and years of study: was done in the mountain Palma Real in the Island of Margarita, Edo. Nueva Esparta, in January 2008 and November 2009.  Methods:  The individuals present in the area were initially characterized as Criollo or Forastero and gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and the response of the photosynthetic rate (A) to intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and photosynthetic photon flux density (PFD), carbon isotope ratio (&#948;13C), nitrogen isotope ratio (&#948;15N), leaf N and chlorophyll content were evaluated.  Results:  The results showed that the gas exchange characteristics of Criollo cocoa differ slightly from those of Forastero. However, similar PFD saturation (~400 &#956;mol m-2 s-1) with values of A at saturating light approaching 4 &#956;mol m-2 s-1, carboxylation efficiency (CE) and photochemical activity, indicated a comparable photosynthetic capacity in both cocoa types.  Conclusions:  There are apparently no physiological disadvantages in Criollo compared with Forastero trees and therefore both could be recommended as suitable materials for cultivation in similar environments, thereby expanding cultivation of high quality cocoa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Antecedentes:  La Montaña Palma Real en Venezuela tiene árboles de cacao Criollo y Forastero de más de 50 años de edad. Estos individuos se consideran representantes ancestrales de cacao de alta calidad que han sobrevivido durante muchos años en este lugar sin ningún tipo de manejo agronómico.  Pregunta:  Este estudio muestra algunas características fisiológicos de estos árboles, con el fin de determinar si existen diferencias en la capacidad fotosintética y algunos parámetros bioquímicos entre los dos tipos de cacao que crecen en condiciones naturales.  Especie estudiada: Theobroma cacao L.  Sitio de estudio y años del estudio:  se hizo en la montaña Palma Real en la Isla de Margarita, Estado Nueva Esparta, en enero de 2008 y noviembre de 2009.  Métodos:  Los individuos presentes en la zona, inicialmente se caracterizaron como cacao Criollo o Forastero; se evaluó el intercambio gaseoso, la fluorescencia de la clorofila, la respuesta de la tasa fotosintética (A) a la concentración intercelular de CO2 (Ci) y a la densidad de flujo de fotones (PFD), la relación de isótopos de carbono (&#948;13C), la proporción de isótopos de nitrógeno (&#948;15N), y el contenido de clorofila y N foliar.  Resultados:  Los resultados mostraron que las características de intercambio de gases de cacao Criollo difieren levemente de los de cacao Forastero. Sin embargo, la PFD de saturación fue similar (~ 400 &#956;mol m-2 s-1) con valores de A a luz saturante cerca de 4 &#956;mol m-2 s-1, la eficiencia de carboxilación (CE) y la actividad fotoquímica, indicaron una capacidad fotosintética comparable en ambos tipos de cacao.  Conclusiones:  Aparentemente no hay desventajas fisiológicas en el cacao Criollo en comparación con los árboles de cacao Forasteropor lo tanto ambos podrían ser recomendados como materiales adecuados para el cultivo en ambientes similares al lugar de estudioaumentando así el cultivo de cacao de alta calidad]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[A/C curves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fluorescence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[photosynthetic activity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Theobroma cacao]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[water potential]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[A/C curves]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fluorescence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[photosynthetic activity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Theobroma cacao]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[water potential]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acheampong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hadley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daymond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Photosynthetic activity and early growth of four cacao genotypes as influenced by different shade regimes under West African dry and wet season conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Experimental Agriculture]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>31-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.-A.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecophysiology of the cacao tree]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>425-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.-A.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araujo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Leaf gas exchange in species of the Theobroma genus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Photosynthetica]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>16-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tezara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative photosynthesis, water relations, growth and survival rates in juvenile Criollo cacao cultivars (Theobroma cacao) during dry and wet seasons]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Experimental agriculture]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>513-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ávila-Lovera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereyra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tezara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecophysiological traits of adult trees of Criollo cocoa cultivars (Theobroma cacao L.) from a germplasm bank in Venezuela.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Experimental Agriculture]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>137-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S-H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sicher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lary]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Natarajan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The drought response of Theobroma cacao (cacao) and the regulation of genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis by drought and other stresses.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Physiology and Biochemistry]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<page-range>174-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balasimha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daniel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of environmental factors on photosynthesis in cocoa trees]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agriculture and Forest Meteorology]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>15-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baligar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bunce]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Photosynthetic photon flux density, carbon dioxide concentration and vapor pressure deficit effects on photosynthesis in cacao seedlings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Photosynthetica]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<page-range>216-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muschler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Somarriba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shade management in coffee and cacao plantations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agroforestry Systems]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>139-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Belsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siebert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultivating cacao: implications of sun-grown cacao on local food security and environmental sustainability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agriculture and Human Values]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>277-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bertolde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.-A.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahnert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baligar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physiological and biochemical responses of Theobroma cacao L. genotypes to flooding]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Photosynthetica]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<page-range>447-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruinsma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The quantitative analysis of chlorophylls a and b in plants extracts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Photochemistry Photobiology]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>241-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.K.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lockwood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The water relations and irrigations requirements of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.): a review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Experimental Agriculture]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<page-range>653-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheesman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Notes on the nomenclature, classification and possible relationships of cocoa populations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tropical Agriculture]]></source>
<year>1944</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>144-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daymond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hadley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Canopy characteristics of contrasting clones of cacao (Theobroma cacao)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Experimental Agriculture]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>359-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daymond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hadley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic variability in partitioning to the yield component of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[HortScience]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>799-801</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daymond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tricker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hadley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genotypic variation in photosynthesis in cacao is correlated with stomatal conductance and leaf nitrogen]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biologia Plantarum]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>99-104</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of plant water deficit on the daily carbon balance of leaves of cacao seedlings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Physiologia Plantarum]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>407-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elwers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rohsius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lieberei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Differences between the content of phenolic compounds in Criollo, Forastero and Trinitario cocoa seed (Theobroma cacao L.)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European food Research Technology]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>229</volume>
<page-range>937-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Evans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physiological mechanisms influencing plant nitrogen isotope composition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Trends in Plant Science]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>121-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ewel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madriz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tosi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Zonas de vida de Venezuela]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Memoria explicativa sobre el mapa ecológico]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Agricultura y Cria]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farquhar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharkey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annual Review of Plant Physiology]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>317-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Genty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Briantais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The relationships between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biochimica et Biophysica Acta]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>990</volume>
<page-range>87-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Girón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tortolero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Theobroma cacao L. (Sterculiaceae) en la región nororiental de la Isla Margarita, Estado Nueva Esparta, Venezuela]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter FAO/IPGRI]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>138</volume>
<page-range>1-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El cacao en Venezuela. Papeles de Fundacite Aragua]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoyos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Flora de la Isla de Margarita]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad y Fundación la Salle de Ciencias Naturales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ICCO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Quarterly Bulletin of Cocoa Statistics]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>XXXIX</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isaac]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thimmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quashie-Sam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shade tree effect in a 8 years old cocoa agroforestry system: biomass and nutrient diagnosis of Theobroma cacao by vector analysis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>155-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tezara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel I. and Urich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecofisiología del cacao (Theobroma cacao): su manejo en el sistema agroforestal. Sugerencias para su mejoramiento en Venezuela]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Forestal Venezolana]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>253-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tezara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Agroforestry systems of timber species and cacao: survival and growth during the early stages]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Tropics and Subtropics]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Net assimilation of cacao seedlings during periods of plant water deficit.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Photosynthesis research]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>151-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcano-de Segovia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cartografía genética de factores del rendimiento y de caracteres morfológicos en una población cultivada de cacao Criollo &#8220;moderno&#8221; (Theobroma cacao L.) mediante un análisis de asociación]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leuschner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hertel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hölscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Köhler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leitner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Michalzik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prihastanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tjitrosemito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwendenmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Response of cacao trees (Theobroma cacao) to a 13-month desiccation period in Sulawesi, Indonesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agroforestry Systems]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<page-range>171-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motamayor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lachenaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[da]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuhn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schnell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Geographic and genetic population differentiation of the Amazonian chocolate tree (Theobroma cacao L.)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>3:e3311</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motamayor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Risterucci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lanaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cacao domestication I: the origin d the cacao cultivated by the Mayas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Heredity]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<page-range>380-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niinemets]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[&#360;.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kull]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stoichiometry of foliar carbon constituents varies along light gradients in temperate woody canopies: implication for foliage morphological plasticity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Physiology]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>467-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereyra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eficiencia de uso de agua en diferentes cultivares de germoplasma de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en Venezuela]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>64</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Venezuela ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Central de Venezuela]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Nuñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azócar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relaciones hídricas e intercambio de gases en Theobroma cacao var. Guasare bajo períodos de déficit hídrico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía (LUZ)]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>112-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tezara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coronel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecophysiological plasticity of cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.) from different environments of Venezuela]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>1-5</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[S&#259;o Lourenço,MG ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[III Congreso Latino Americano de Ecología and IX Congreso de Ecología do Brasil.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tezara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seasonal changes in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in five plant species from a semiarid ecosystem.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Photosynthetica]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>399-410</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tscharntke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clough]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhagwat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buchori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faust]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hertel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hölscher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juhrbandt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kessler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perfecto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scherber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schroth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veldkamp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wanger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multifunctional shade-tree management in tropical agroforestry landscapes - a review.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Applied Ecology]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>619-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
