<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-4085</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de urología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. urol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-4085</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Urología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-40852020000400004</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48193/revistamexicanadeurologa.v80i4.640</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Urinary tract infections after transurethral resection of the bladder: Microbiology, antibiotic resistance, and associated risk factors]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Infección de vías urinarias después de resección transuretral de vejiga: Microbiología, resistencia antibiótica y factores de riesgo asociados]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo Hérnan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garza-Gangemi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adrián Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillejos-Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo Alonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-40852020000400004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-40852020000400004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-40852020000400004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective:  To analyze the microbiology and incidence of antibiotic resistance in patients that underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and identify risk factors for urinary tract infection (UTI) after the procedure.  Methodological design:  A retrospective, analytic, descriptive study on data from 199 patients that underwent TURBT at a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City between 2017-2019. The microbiologic characteristics of isolation frequency and drug-resistance pattern were analyzed before and after the procedure. Binary logistic regression was carried out to identify independent risk factors for UTI.  Results:  Of the 199 patients evaluated, 28 (14%) had a positive urine culture (PUC) before the procedure and the most frequently isolated uropathogens were Escherichia coli (48%), Enterococcus faecalis (24%), and Proteus mirabilis (7%). UTI after TURBT was reported in the 20 patients (10%) that made up group 1. The most frequent pathogen was E. coli (45%), which was resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (60%) and ciprofloxacin (40%). Other isolated pathogens were E. faecalis (27%) and P. mirabilis (9%). The control group included the 179 (90%) patients that did not have a UTI. PUC was statistically significant in relation to necrosis (p=0.001) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (p=0.03). In the multivariate analysis, PUC was associated with UTI after TURBT (OR 7.04 [95% CI 2.11-23.29]).  Limitations:  A retrospective study with information limited to that in the case records.  Originality and value:  There are few articles on TURBT-associated UTI in the international literature and none in Mexico, the present study being the first.  Conclusions:  The prevalence of UTI after TURBT was 10%. Pre-procedure PUC was the most highly associated risk factor for UTI after TURBT. The most frequently isolated uropathogens were E. coli, E. faecalis, and P. mirabilis. E. coli was most resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (60%) and ciprofloxacin (40%).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo:  Investigar la incidencia, microbiología y resistencia antibiótica en pacientes sometidos a resección transuretral de vejiga (RTUV) e identificar factores de riesgo para infección de vías urinarias (IVU) después de procedimiento.  Diseño metodológico:  Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y analítico de 199 pacientes sometidos a RTUV en un hospital de tercer nivel en Ciudad de México entre 2017-2019. Se analizaron las características microbiológicas de frecuencia de aislamiento y patrón de resistencia antes y después del procedimiento. Se realizó regresión logística binaria para identificar factores de riesgo independientes a IVU.  Resultados:  Se analizaron 199 pacientes, de estos 28 pacientes (14%) presentaron un urocultivo prequirúrgico positivo (UPP), los uropatógenos más frecuentemente aislados fueron Escherichia coli (48%), Enterococcus faecalis (24%) y Proteus mirabilis (7%). Se reportó IVU después de RTUV en 20 pacientes (10%) los cuales conformaron el grupo 1. El patógeno más frecuente fue E. coli (45%), el cual era resistente a trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol (60%) y ciprofloxacino (40%). Otros patógenos aislados fueron E. faecalis(27%) yP. mirabilis(9%). En el grupo control se incluyeron 179 (90%) pacientes ya que no presentaron IVU. Se encontró diferencia significativa en la presencia de UPP y necrosis (p=0.001), al igual que en presencia de cáncer músculo-invasor (p=0.03). En el análisis multivariado el UPP se asoció a IVU después de RTUV (OR 7.04 [95% IC 2.11-23.29]).  Limitaciones:  Estudio retrospectivo limitado a información reportada en expediente.  Originalidad y valor:  Existe poca literatura acerca de IVU asociadas a RTUV a nivel mundial, en México no hay información, siendo este estudio único en su campo.  Conclusiones:  La prevalencia de IVU después de RTUV fue de 10%. El factor de riesgo con mayor asociación fue el UPP para IVU después de RTUV. Los uropatógenos más frecuentemente aislados fueron E. coli,E. faecalisyP. mirabilis. Trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol (60%) y ciprofloxacino (40%) fueron los antibióticos con mayor resistencia para E. coli.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Transurethral resection of the bladder]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urinary tract infections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Incidence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibiotic resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Resección transuretral de vejiga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infecciones de tracto urinario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Incidencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Resistencia antibiótica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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