<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-4085</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de urología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. urol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-4085</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Urología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-40852020000300102</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48193/rmu.v80i3.556</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Acute bacterial nephritis. A descriptive study of an underdiagnosed entity]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Nefritis bacteriana aguda. Un estudio descriptivo de una entidad patológica subdiagnosticada]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madero-Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pallares-Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rigoberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-Mata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vizcarra-Mata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guillén-Lozoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Hospital Universitario &#8220;Dr. José Eleuterio González&#8221; ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Nuevo León]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-40852020000300102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-40852020000300102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-40852020000300102&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  Acute bacterial nephritis is an infectious process diagnosed through imaging studies. The clinical course of the disease has been shown to be more aggressive than acute pyelonephritis. It continues to be underdiagnosed, thus there are few studies on the entity in the literature.  Objective:  To describe the clinical characteristics and imaging features of acute bacterial nephritis, as well as its clinical course.  Design:  A descriptive, retrospective case series was conducted.  Materials and methods:  Thirty-two cases of acute bacterial nephritis in patients admitted to the hospital within the time frame of 2009 to 2016 were reviewed. The patients&#8217; clinical characteristics upon admission were registered, as well as inpatient clinical progression, culture results, and antibiotic therapy response. The imaging studies were re-evaluated and the diagnostic consistency with either the focal or multifocal disease presentation was confirmed.  Results:  Cases predominated in women (n=29, 90.62%) and the most frequently associated comorbidities were diabetes (n=16, 50%) and obesity (n=9, 28.25%). The most important clinical findings upon admission were fever (n=15, 46.87%) and leukocytosis (n=27, 84.38%). Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated bacterium (63.63%). Both acute focal bacterial nephritis and acute multifocal bacterial nephritis were observed in 46.87% (n=15) and 53.13% (n=17) of the patients, respectively. Imaging studies were required for all diagnoses.  Conclusion:  Fever and leukocytosis are the main findings in acute bacterial nephritis. Imaging studies are necessary for making the diagnosis, given that acute pyelonephritis and acute bacterial nephritis cannot be clinically differentiated.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  La nefritis bacteriana aguda (NBA) es un proceso infeccioso diagnosticado por medio de estudios de imagen. El curso clínico de la enfermedad ha mostrado ser más agresivo que la pielonefritis aguda y continúa siendo una entidad subdiagnosticada, para la cual sólo pocos estudios han sido reportados.  Objetivo:  Describir las características clínicas e imagenológicas, cómo también el curso clínico de la enfermedad.  Diseño:  Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, serie de casos.  Materiales y métodos:  Se revisaron un total de 32 casos de nefritis bacteriana aguda admitidos a hospitalización entre 2009 y 2016. Se registraron las características clínicas al ingreso hospitalario, evolución clínica intrahospitalaria, resultados de cultivo y respuesta a tratamiento antibiótico. Los estudios de imagen fueron revalorados y comprobados para su compatibilidad diagnóstica con nefritis bacteriana aguda, en cualquiera de sus presentaciones; focal o multifocal.  Resultados:  Se observó un predominio de mujeres (n=29, 90.62%); las comorbilidades más asociadas fueron diabetes (n=16, 50%) y obesidad (n=9, 28.25%). Los hallazgos clínicos más importantes al ingreso fueron fiebre (n=15, 46.87%) y leucocitosis (n=27, 84.38%). Escherichia coli fue el agente bacteriano mayormente aislado (63.63%). Se observó nefritis bacteriana focal y multifocal en 46.87% (n=15) y 53.13% (n=17), respectivamente. Todos los pacientes requirieron estudios de imagen para su diagnostico.  Conclusión:  Los hallazgos principales en nefritis bacteriana aguda son fiebre y leucocitosis. Los estudios de imagen son necesarios para el diagnostico de nefritis bacteriana aguda dado que no es posible diferenciar clínicamente entre pielonefritis y nefritis bacteriana aguda.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Acute bacterial nephritis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acute pyelonephritis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[focal bacterial nephritis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multifocal bacterial nephritis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[renal abscess]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nefritis bacteriana aguda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pielonefritis aguda]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nefritis bacteriana focal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nefritis bacteriana multifocal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[absceso renal]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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