<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-4085</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de urología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. urol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-4085</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Urología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-40852018000500347</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24245/revmexurol.v78i5.2408</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cáncer testicular: incidencia, epidemiología y etiología. Cinco años de experiencia en el Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Testicular cancer: Incidence, epidemiology and etiology. Five years of experience at the Hospital General de México Dr. Eduardo Liceaga]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gurrola-Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera-Astorga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magaña-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Esteban]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarabia-Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garduño-Arteaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leopoldo Mateo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manzanilla-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hugo Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaspersen-Gastelum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General de México Servicio de Urología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>347</fpage>
<lpage>353</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-40852018000500347&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-40852018000500347&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-40852018000500347&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  ANTECEDENTES: El cáncer testicular representa 5% de los tumores que aparecen durante la edad reproductiva del varón, aunque a últimas fechas se está registrando un incremento en su incidencia. El diagnóstico se establece por clínica, marcadores tumorales y ultrasonido testicular. La estirpe histológica es la base para establecer el tratamiento y estimar el pronóstico.  OBJETIVO: Reportar las características epidemiológicas, histopatológicas y etiológicas del cáncer testicular en un hospital de tercer nivel.  MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo efectuado en pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer testicular de cualquier estirpe histológica atendidos entre 2012 y 2017 en el servicio de Urología del Hospital General de México. La información de las variables cualitativas se resumió como frecuencias simples y relativas en porcentaje. La variabilidad de las frecuencias se obtuvo mediante IC95%. La edad se resumió en mediana y valores máximos y mínimos. Se utilizó &#43859;2 para contrastar las diferencias entre los tipos de tumores según las variables analizadas y prueba de Kruskal-Wallis.  RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 142 pacientes y en 44.4% se encontraron tumores de células germinales mixtas y en 43.7% seminomas clásicos. En 50% de los casos los tumores aparecieron entre los 20 y 30 años (media 35.5), con una lateralidad: 56.3% izquierdo y 43.7% derecho. En cuanto a la diseminación linfática (N) los tumores seminomatosos tuvieron estadificación N0 en 80.6% de los casos (n = 50) y 95.2% (n = 59) no tuvieron mestástasis pulmonares u otras al momento del diagnóstico. La estirpe no seminomatosa (tumores germinales de células mixtas) fue estadio N0, M0 en 57.2% (n = 36) y 87.3% (n = 55) de los casos, respectivamente. Existe un discreto aumento en la incidencia de esta patología en los últimos dos años.  CONCLUSIONES: Pese a los resultados obtenidos, consideramos que se requiere otra metodología de investigación para determinar la causalidad de la presentación del cáncer testicular en nuestra población.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  BACKGROUND: Testicular cancer accounts for 5% of the tumors in reproductive-age men and there has recently been an increase in its incidence. Diagnosis is made through clinical evaluation, tumor markers, and testicular ultrasound. Histologic strain determines treatment response and outcome.  OBJECTIVE: To report the epidemiologic, histopathologic, and etiologic characteristics of testicular cancer at a tertiary care hospital within the time frame of 2012-2017.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, observational, and descriptive study was conducted on patients with the diagnosis of testicular cancer of any histologic strain seen at the urology service of the Hospital General de México within the time frame of 2012 to 2017. The qualitative variables were expressed as simple, relative frequencies in percentages. Frequency variability was obtained through the 95% CI. Age was expressed in median and maximum and minimum values. The chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were employed to contrast the differences between tumor types, according to the variables analyzed.  RESULTS: A total of 142 patients were studied, 44.4% of whom presented with mixed germ cell tumors and 43.7% with classic seminomas. Fifty percent of the patients presented with the disease at 20 to 30 years of age (mean 35.5). With respect to laterality, 56.3% of the tumors were on the left side and 43.7% on the right. In relation to lymph node dissemination (N) of the seminomatous tumors, 80.6% of the cases (n = 50) were stage N0 and 95.2% (n = 59) did not present with pulmonary metastasis, or any other, at the time of diagnosis. Of the nonseminomatous tumors (mixed germ cell tumors), 57.2% (n = 36) were stage N0 and 87.3% (n = 55) were M0. There was a slight increase in testicular cancer in the last two years.  CONCLUSIONS: Despite our results, we believe a different study methodology is required to determine the cause of testicular cancer in our population.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cáncer testicular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[marcadores tumorales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tumores de células germinales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seminomas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tumores seminomatosos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Testicular cancer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tumor markers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Germ cell tumors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Seminomas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Seminomatous tumors]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coursey-Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Testicular tumors: what radiologists need to know-differential diagnosis, staging, and management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiographics]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>400-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Rios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Panorama epidemiológico del cáncer genitourinario en la Zona Centro de México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Mex Urol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>S3</numero>
<issue>S3</issue>
<page-range>3-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Guidelines on Testicular Cancer: 2015 Update]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Urology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1054-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walsh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incidence of testicular germ cell cancers in U.S. children: SEER program experience 1973 to 2000]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>402-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incidencia de cáncer en una Unidad de atención Oncológica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) en Toluca, Estado de México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Gac Med Mex]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>150</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>297-303</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nigam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increasing incidence of testicular cancer in the United States and Europe between 1992 and 2009]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Journal of Urology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>623-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lindsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cancer statistics for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders, 2016: Converging incidence in males and females]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cancer J Clin]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>7-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zachary]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Testicular Cancer Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Clin N Am]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>251-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hemminki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Familial risk in testicular cancer as a clue to a heritable and environmental aetiology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Cancer]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<page-range>1765-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leveridge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temporal trends in management and outcomes of testicular cancer: A Population-Based Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cancer J]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>124</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>2724-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shanmugalingam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global incidence and outcome of testicular cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>417-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dogra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sonography of the scrotum]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>227</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>18-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[See]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chest staging in testis cancer patients: imaging modality selection based upon risk assessment as determined by abdominal computerized tomography scan results]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Urol]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>150</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>874-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International trends in the incidence of testicular cancer, 1973-2002]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>1151-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rajpert-De Meyts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Testicular germ cell tumours]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>387</volume>
<numero>10029</numero>
<issue>10029</issue>
<page-range>1762-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SDW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pathologic findings and therapeutic outcome of desperation post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in advanced germ cell cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urol Oncol]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>423-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teratoma in the orchiectomy specimen and volume of metastasis are predictors of retroperitoneal teratoma in postchemotherapy nonseminomatous testis cancer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Urol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>168</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1402-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Travis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Second cancers among 40,576 testicular cancer patients: focus on long term survivors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Natl Cancer Inst]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>1354-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilkinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peter M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Read]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International Germ Cell Consensus Classification: a prognostic factor-based staging system for metastatic germ cell cancers. International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Oncol]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>594-603</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adult testicular cancer: Two decades of Saudi national data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urol Ann]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>305-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
