<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-1124</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. de cienc. pecuarias]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-1124</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-11242025000100055</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22319/rmcp.v16i1.6648</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Multitrait analysis of growth traits for the optimization of breeding value prediction in Braunvieh cattle]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Optimización de la predicción del valor de reproducción en ganado Braunvieh por medio del análisis multirasgo de rasgos de crecimiento]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nilforooshan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mohammad Ali]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruíz-Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Agustín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paulino]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pabiou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thierry]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valerio-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jonathan Emanuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Livestock Improvement Corporation, Research &amp; Development Division  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>New Zealand</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Chapingo Posgrado en Producción Animal ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados Socio Economía Estadística e Informática ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,The Irish Cattle Breeding Federation  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ireland</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guerrero]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>55</fpage>
<lpage>68</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-11242025000100055&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-11242025000100055&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-11242025000100055&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Currently, the genetic evaluations of growth traits (birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), and yearling weight (YW)) for the Mexican Braunvieh cattle are carried out in a univariate (for BW) and a bivariate (for WW and YW) models. Precision of genetic evaluations can be improved by a trivariate model. It was aimed to study bias in the univariate and bivariate evaluations due to the missing trait(s) in the analysis and the accuracy gain by the trivariate analysis. Pedigree and performance data were obtained from the Asociación Mexicana de Criadores de Ganado Suizo de Registro. After data edits, univariate, bivariate, and trivariate analyses were performed to make comparisons. A simple data pruning strategy was employed, considerably reducing the data size in the analyses. Animals excluded from the analyses were evaluated at a low computational cost from solutions of animals included in the analyses. The bivariate analysis showed biased WW and YW evaluations and genetic trends. The genetic trends underestimated young animals. Since the mid-1990s, all the traits showed a steady genetic progress. The bias was due to natural/artificial preselection on BW. The inclusion of BW in the trivariate analysis helped to consider the preselection information. The univariate BW evaluation and genetic trend were unbiased. Also, BW gained less accuracy from WW and YW than WW and YW from BW. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended the trivariate analysis of the traits with data pruning to lower the computational cost.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Actualmente, la evaluación genética de los rasgos de crecimiento (peso al nacer - PN, peso al destete - PD y peso al año - PA) en el ganado Braunvieh en México se lleva a cabo por medio de modelos univariados para el PN y bivariados para el PD y PA. La precisión de las evaluaciones genéticas se puede mejorar mediante un modelo trivariado. Se analizó tanto el sesgo en las evaluaciones univariadas y bivariadas causado por los rasgos faltantes en el análisis, como el aumento en la precisión producido por el análisis trivariado. Los datos de pedigrí y de rendimiento se obtuvieron de la Asociación Mexicana de Criadores de Ganado Suizo de Registro. Después de editar los datos, se realizaron análisis univariados, bivariados y trivariados y se hicieron comparaciones entre ellos. Se empleó una estrategia simple de reducción del conjunto de datos, reduciendo notablemente la cantidad de datos en los análisis. Los animales excluidos de los análisis se evaluaron a partir de las soluciones de los animales incluidos en los análisis, lo cual requirió mucho menos poder de computación. El análisis bivariado mostró evaluaciones sesgadas del PD y PA y de las tendencias genéticas. Las tendencias genéticas se subestimaron en los animales jóvenes. Desde mediados de la década de 1990, todos los rasgos mostraron una ganancia genética constante. El sesgo se debió a la preselección natural/artificial para PN. La inclusión del PN en el análisis trivariado ayudó a tomar en cuenta la información de preselección. La evaluación univariada del PN y la tendencia genética fueron imparciales. También, el PN aumentó menos en precisión a partir del PD y PA que el PD y PA a partir del PN. Se recomienda el análisis trivariado de los rasgos con una reducción del conjunto de datos para reducir el poder computacional requerido para procesar los datos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Accuracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Animal model]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Breeding value]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Braunvieh]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Multitrait]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Preselection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pruning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Univariate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Precisión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modelo animal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Valor de reproducción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Braunvieh]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Multirasgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Preselección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reducción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Univariado]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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