<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2007-0934</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2007-0934</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2007-09342019000400815</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29312/remexca.v10i4.1666</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Metodologías para el análisis de expresión y cuantificación de proteínas conferidas en tejidos de cultivos GM]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Methodologies for the analysis of expression and quantification of proteins conferred in tissues of GM crops]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verdugo-Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abel Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luciano]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Coronado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora Dirección de Recursos Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cd. Obregón Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>815</fpage>
<lpage>828</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2007-09342019000400815&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2007-09342019000400815&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2007-09342019000400815&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las toxinas Cry de Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) son utilizadas como bioinsecticidas en la agricultura. Se precisa de métodos confiables que permitan analizar las características que se confieren a las plantas genéticamente modificadas (GM) durante su desarrollo, antes de su comercialización. El objetivo del trabajo fue estandarizar metodologías para el análisis de la expresión de genes y proteínas conferidas al algodonero GM durante sus diferentes etapas fenológicas en campo. Como principal aplicación práctica del estudio realizado, las metodologías estandarizadas se podrán emplear en la caracterización de cultivos GM que se desarrollen y para los cuales sea necesario realizar su análisis de riesgo. Para ello se procesaron muestras de tejido vegetal en diferentes etapas fenológicas obtenidas de predios comerciales de algodonero GM en el Valle del Yaqui. En los diferentes tejidos se cuantificó la expresión génica y proteica mediante análisis RTq-PCR y Elisa, respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos muestran variación en la expresión de los genes conferidos a lo largo del desarrollo de la misma variedad y entre los diferentes sitios donde se ubicaron los cultivos. Los mayores niveles de expresión se identificaron, como se esperaba, en las etapas tempranas del cultivo (valores medios de 8.5 µg g-1 para Cry1Ac y 63.1 µg g-1 para Cry2Ab) comparados con lo observado en etapas tardías o maduras (valores medios de 0.05 y 0.3 µg g-1 para Cry1Ac y Cry2Ab, respectivamente). Por lo tanto, se concluye que las técnicas de RTq-PCR y ELISA son adecuadas para evaluar la expresión espacial y temporal de genes que se confieran a plantas GM, información requerida para caracterizar la exposición al peligro y poder realizar el análisis de riesgo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Cry toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used as bioinsecticides in agriculture. Reliable methods are needed to analyze the characteristics that are conferred to genetically modified (GM) plants during their development, before commercialization. The objective of the work was to standardize methodologies for the analysis of the expression of genes and proteins conferred to GM cotton during its different phenological stages in the field. As the main practical application of the study, the standardized methodologies can be used in the characterization of GM crops that are developed and for which it is necessary to carry out their risk analysis. To do this, samples of plant tissue were processed in different phenological stages obtained from GM cotton commercial farms in the Yaqui Valley. In the different tissues, gene and protein expression was quantified by RTq-PCR and Elisa analysis, respectively. The results obtained show variation in the expression of the genes conferred throughout the development of the same variety and between the different sites where the crops were located. The highest levels of expression were identified, as expected, in the early stages of the culture (average values of 8.5 &#956;g g-1 for Cry1Ac and 63.1 &#956;g g-1 for Cry2Ab) compared with that observed in late or mature stages (mean values 0.05 and 0.3 &#956;g g-1 for Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab, respectively). Therefore, it is concluded that the RTq-PCR and ELISA techniques are suitable to evaluate the spatial and temporal expression of genes that are conferred to GM plants, information required to characterize the exposure to the hazard and to perform the risk analysis.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de expresión génica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de expresión de proteínas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultivos GM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gene expression analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[GM crops]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[protein expression analysis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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