<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-9036</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El periplo sustentable]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El periplo sustentable]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-9036</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-90362019000100134</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Competitividad e innovación: Teoría versus Práctica en la medida de competitividad turística]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Competitiveness and Innovation: Theory Versus Practice in the Measurement of Tourism Competitiveness]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domareski Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thays Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chim Miki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana Fumi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Federal do Paraná Departamento de Turismo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Faculdade de Economia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>36</numero>
<fpage>134</fpage>
<lpage>156</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-90362019000100134&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-90362019000100134&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-90362019000100134&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El presente artículo realiza un análisis del contenido de tres monitores de medición de la competitividad objetivando identificar las variables presentes en estos monitores que verifican el nivel de innovación o de capacidad para innovación. Así, se analizó los monitores TTCI (Travel &amp; Tourism Competitiveness Index) de WEF (World Ecoomic Forum) y el Monitor de Competitividad Turística de Brasil de MTur/FGV, comparándolos con el monitor de competitividad general, el GCI (Global Competitiveness Index) de WEF. El análisis es bajo las teorías/conceptos de innovación, considerando los factores y obstáculos citados en la literatura como variables que actúan sobre la generación de la capacidad innovadora. La metodología es cualitativa, de revisión bibliográfica y análisis de contenido. Los resultados indican que no existe una coherencia entre la teoría y la práctica para una correcta vinculación entre el constructo competitividad e innovación. Pues, aunque la teoría plantea una relación directa entre ellos, en el plan práctico se observó que los monitores de competitividad no poseen variables para medir la innovación en su estructura. Por tanto, los monitores analizados no están considerando esta relación directa, tampoco la importancia del efecto de la innovación sobre la competitividad turística.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper analyzes the content of three competitiveness monitors aiming to identify the variables in these monitors that check the level of innovation or capacity for innovation. Thus, the TTCI (Travel &amp; Tourism Competitiveness Index) WEF (World Ecoomic Forum) and the Monitor of Tourism Competitiveness of MTur/Brazil are compared with the GCI (Global Competitiveness Index) of WEF. The analysis is based on theories/ concepts of innovation, considering the factors and obstacles cited in the literature as variables that act on the generation of innovative capacity. The methodology is qualitative and it&#8217;s performed by a literature review and content analysis. The results indicate that there is no consistency between theory and practice for a proper linkage between the construct competitiveness and innovation. Although the theory establishes a direct relationship between them, in the practical plan was noted that competitiveness monitors have not variables to measure innovation in its structure. Therefore, these monitors are not considering this direct relationship, it means that do not consider the importance of the innovation effect on tourism competitiveness.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Turismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[innovación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[competitividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modelos de Medición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Brasil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tourism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[innovation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[competitiveness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Models of Measure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brazil]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bardin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L&#8217;Analyse de contenu]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Presses Universitaires de France]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Management]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>99-120</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bengtsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cooperation and Competition in relationships between competitors in business Networks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Business &amp; Industrial Marketing]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>178-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becheikh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lessons from innovation empirical studies in the manufacturing sector: A systematic review of the literature from 1993-2003]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Technovation]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>5-6</numero>
<issue>5-6</issue>
<page-range>644-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buhalis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Marketing the competitive destination of the future]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Management]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>97-116</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camisón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lapiedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boronat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Marco conceptual de la relación entre innovación y tamaño organizativo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Investigación en Gestión de la Innovación y Tecnología]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>49-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crouch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritchie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tourism, Competitiveness, and Societal Prosperity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Business Research]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>137-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dagnino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Coopetition Strategy: a new kind of interfirm dynamics for value creation]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IIAnnual Conference of Euram on: &#8220;Innovative Research Management&#8221;. Track: &#8220;Coopetition Strategy: Towards a new kind of interfirm dynamics&#8221;]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Stockholm </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A dual-core model of organizational innovation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Academy of Management Journal]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>193-210</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damanpour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aravind]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Product and process innovations: A review of organizational and environmental determinants]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meeus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Innovation, Science, and Institutional Change: A research handbook]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<page-range>38-66</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damanpour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Organizational innovation: a meta analysis of effects of determinants and moderators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Academy of Management Journal]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>555-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dosi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sources, procedures and microeconomic effects of innovation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Literature]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>1120-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunning]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The competitive advantages of countries and MNE activity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transnational Corporations]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>135-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunning]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Globalization of Business]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drucker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Innovation and entrepreneurship: practice and principles]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harper &amp; Row Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dwyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ch.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Destination competitiveness: determinants and indicators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Issues in Tourism]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>369-414</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>EUROSTAT</collab>
<collab>OCDE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Manual de Oslo. Guía para la recogida e interpretación de datos sobre innovación]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erku&#351;&#8208;Öztürk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of cluster types and firm size in designing the level of network relations: The experience of the Antalya tourism region]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Management]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>589-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hillebrand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Messner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer-Stamer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Competitividad sistémica: competitividad internacional de las empresas y políticas requeridas]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berlim ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Alemán de Desarrollo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ettlie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bridges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O´Keefe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Organization strategy and structural differences for radical versus incremental innovation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Management Science]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>682-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fagerberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mowery D.C &amp;Nelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Oxford handbook of innovation]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fagerberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International Competitiveness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<page-range>355-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kupfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haguenauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Made in Brazil: desafios competitivos para a indústria]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Campus]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Floysand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jakobsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The complexity of innovation: A relational Turn]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Progress in Human Geography]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>328-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calantone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A critical look at technological innovation typology and innovativeness terminology: a literature review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Product Innovation Management]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>110-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>GCI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Global Competitiveness Index]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Economic Forum]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goedhuys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veugelers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Innovation strategies, process and product innovations and growth: Firm-level evidence from Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Structural Changeand Economic Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Innovation and tourism policy in Australia and New Zealand: never the twain shall meet?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Policy Research in Tourism and Leisure Events]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>2-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haguenauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Competitividade: Conceitos e Medidas]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UFRJ]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hjalajer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Repairing innovation defectiveness in tourism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Management]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>465-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hjalager]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of innovation research on tourism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Management]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baidal. J.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ivars]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rebollo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Politicas de Innovación en Turismo y Desarrollo de Clusters: La percepción gerencial en el programa agrupaciones empresariales innovadoras (AEIs)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Turismo]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>97-120</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Snelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Success factors in product innovation: A selective review of the literature]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Product Innovation Management]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>114-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krizaj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brodnik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bukovec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Tool for Measurement of Innovation Newness and Adoption in Tourism Firms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Tourism Research]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>113-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krugman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geography and Trade]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, Leuven ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The MIT, Leuven University]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boyd]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanlon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Competition, Cooperation, and the Search for Economic Rents: a syncretic model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Academy of Management Review]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>110-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chim-Miki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tourism competitiveness assessment: the current status of research in Spain and China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Economics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>297-318</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molinar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Examen del fenómeno del turismo contemporáneo y la Competitividad en la Frontera del Conocimiento]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El Periplo Sustentable: revista de turismo, desarrollo y competitividad]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>28</numero>
<issue>28</issue>
<page-range>81-114</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Narula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Technology, international business and Porter's diamond: synthesising a dynamic competitive development model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Management International Review]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>93/2</numero>
<issue>93/2</issue>
<page-range>85-107</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The challenge of Competitiveness]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Business Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>94-100</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schmitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spencer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Networks, clusters and innovation in tourism: A UK experience]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Management]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1141-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>OCDE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Annual Reports]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ohlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Interregional and international trade]]></source>
<year>1933</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orfila-Sintes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crespí-Cladera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Ros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Innovation activity in the hotel industry: Evidence from Balearic Islands]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Management]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>851-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orfila-Sintes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mattsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Innovation behavior in the hotel industry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Omega]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>380-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pikkemaat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Towards the Measurement of Innovation-A Pilot Study in the Small and Medium Sized Hotel Industry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality &amp; Tourism]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>3/4</numero>
<issue>3/4</issue>
<page-range>89-112</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industry and Competitors]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Free Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Free Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Vantagem Competitiva]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Campus]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quint]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Coopetition: sleeping with the enemy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Information Today]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Principles of Political Economy and Taxation]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Principios de Economía Política y de Tributación]]></source>
<year>1817</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Aguilar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritchie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crouch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Competitive Destination: a sustainability perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism Management]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ritchie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crouch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The competitive destination: A sustainable tourism perspective]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxon ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. CABI Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rogers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diffusion of Innovations]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Free Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scott]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lodge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[US Competitiveness and the World Economy]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boston ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard Business School Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cristovao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aguiar Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The wealth of nations]]></source>
<year>1776</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lisboa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schumpeter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Theory of Economic Development]]></source>
<year>1961</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veiga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Innovacción Turística: Perspectivas Teóricas y Objetos de Estudio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ocio y Turismo]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>19-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundbo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Three paradigms in innovation theory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science and Public Policy]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>399-410</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundbo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orfila&#8208;Sintes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sørensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The innovative behaviour of tourism firms - Comparative studies of Denmark and Spain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Research Policy]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>88-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>TTCI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Veliyath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zahra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Competitiveness in the 21st Century: Reflection on the growing debate about globalization]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Competitiveness Research]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vianna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Competitividade e a Qualidade de Vida na Destinação Turística: Análise quanto à sua correspondência]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Balneário Camboriú ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade do Vale do Itajaí-UNIVALI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Volo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism destination innovativeness]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proceedings of the AIEST, 55th]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Brainerd, MN, USA </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Basic content analysis]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Beverly Hills ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Sage]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Economic Forum</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Global Competitiveness Report]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WEF]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Economic Forum</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Travel &amp; Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
