<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-7203</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta médica Grupo Ángeles]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta méd. Grupo Ángeles]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-7203</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Ángeles, Servicios de Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-72032021000100108</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Inhibidores de puntos de control inmunitario en estadios avanzados de melanoma]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced stages of melanoma]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tamariz Campillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arely Fernanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corona Deschamps]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Axel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mellado Orellana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Greene]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique Juan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Federico Leopoldo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad La Salle Facultad Mexicana de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad La Salle Facultad Mexicana de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad La Salle Facultad Mexicana de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>108</fpage>
<lpage>115</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-72032021000100108&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-72032021000100108&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-72032021000100108&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El melanoma es el cáncer de piel con mayor mortalidad en el mundo, gracias a su alto potencial metastásico. En los últimos años se ha visto un aumento en su incidencia de manera global, incluyendo a México. Muchos son los mecanismos involucrados en la patogenia del melanoma, por lo que ha sido difícil el desarrollo de terapias específicas para su curación. Sin embargo, desde hace algunos años la inmunoterapia ha ido retomando interés en el melanoma, gracias a la introducción de los inhibidores de los puntos de control inmunitario. Estos fármacos han logrado de manera significativa mejorar la supervivencia a largo plazo de pacientes con melanoma avanzado. Desde entonces, la comunidad científica se ha enfocado en reconocer sus efectos y comparar su eficacia con tratamientos previamente utilizados, que hasta el momento no habían logrado obtener los mismos resultados. Desafortunadamente, cierto número de pacientes continúa sin lograr una respuesta satisfactoria, sin olvidar los múltiples efectos adversos inmunitarios asociados. En este artículo de revisión se describen los resultados de los estudios más recientes realizados con inhibidores de puntos de control, las dosis recomendadas y la frecuencia de sus efectos adversos inmunológicos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Melanoma is the type of skin cancer with highest mortality worldwide due to its metastatic potential. In the recent years there has been an increasing incidence of melanoma worldwide, including in Mexico. There are several mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma making it difficult to develop specific therapies. However, recently immunotherapy has been taking interest in treatment of melanoma, due to the introduction of inhibitors of immune checkpoints, this type of therapy has significantly improved long-term survival in patients with advanced melanoma. Therefore, the scientific community has focused on comparing side effects and efficacy versus standardized treatments, until today no better outcomes have been found, on the contrary patients can present an immune related response due to their action mechanism. Unfortunately, only a few patients have shown a satisfactory response to this type of therapy. This article reviews the results of the most recent studies conducted with checkpoint inhibitors, recommended doses, and frequency of adverse effects on immune system.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Melanoma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[BRAF]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[oncogenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CTLA-4]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ipilimumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PDL-1]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nivolumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pembrolizumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Melanoma]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[BRAF]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[oncogenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CTLA-4]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ipilimumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PDL-1]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nivolumab]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pembrolizumab]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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