<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-5766</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Península]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Península]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-5766</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro Peninsular en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-57662007000200121</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[De la perversión a la violencia natural]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lapoujade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Noel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM FFyL ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>121</fpage>
<lpage>144</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-57662007000200121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-57662007000200121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-57662007000200121&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El artículo examina el concepto de violencia en algunos autores de la literatura y la filosofía, pasando por la consideración de las ideas de Hermes Trimegisto, Dante Alighieri, Voltaire, Sigmund Freud, y especialmente Guy de Maupassant y Alphonse-Donatien, Marqués de Sade. Se analiza también el significado del concepto de terror, que, naciendo de un concepto que implica amenaza a la vida, termina siendo muestra de cómo la vida mantiene su autonomía y predominio, su equilibrio y armonía cósmica a pesar del terror y la violencia que existencialmente parecieran reducirla.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This article examines the concept of violence in some philosophic and literary authors, including the ideas of Hermes Trimegist, Dante Ali ghieri, Voltaire, Sigmund Freud, and especially Guy de Maupassant and Alphonse-Donatien, Marquis de Sade. This article analyses also the meaning of the concept of terror, which, being born from an idea that implies a menace to life, becomes finally a demonstration of how life maintains its autonomy and prevalence, the balance and the cosmic harmony that seem to reduce it existentially.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Violencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[terror]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[imaginación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metáfora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[terror]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[imagination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[metaphor]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alighieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dante]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Divina Comedia]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Ateneo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allan Poe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baudelaire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Charles]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Histoires Extraordinaires]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Librairie Jules Tallandier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barthes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roland]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sade, Fourier, Loyola]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editions du Seuil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bataille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Georges]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L'Erotisme]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Les Editions de Minuit]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bataille]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Georges]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Historia del ojo]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Premia Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benedetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pedro y el capitán]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Nueva Imagen]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Antología Bilingüe]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alianza Editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Yo y Tú]]></source>
<year>1960</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nueva Visión]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cragg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kenneth]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La sabiduría de los sufís]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Lidiun]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Maupassant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guy]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Oeuvres Complètes]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Maupassant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guy]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Le Horla]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gallimard]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Quincey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thomas]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Del asesinato considerado como una de las bellas artes]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alianza Editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sigmund]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Obras completas]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Biblioteca Nueva]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[James]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Principios de Psicología]]></source>
<year>1945</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Glem]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kafka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Franz]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La metamorfosis]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editores Mexicanos Unidos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Immanuel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Kritik der Urteilskraft. Frankfurt, Suhrkamp]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Immanuel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Idea de una historia universal en sentido cosmopolita, Filosofía de la Historia]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FCE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kolakowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leszek]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Horror metaphysicus]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Tecnos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lapoujade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Noel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Filosofía de la Imaginación]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Una mirada estética a lo invisible]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lapoujade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Noel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Filosofía]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<numero>33</numero>
<issue>33</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Venezuela ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Zulia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lapoujade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Noel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Indicios filosóficos en Guy de Maupassant]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[Le nouveau Petit Robert]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Le Robert]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La méthode]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Éditions du Seuil]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nietzsche]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Friedrich]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Also sprach Zarathustra]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Flèche, France ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Brodard et Taupin]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novalis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Friederich von Hardenberg]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Himnos a la noche y Enrique de Ofterdingen]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editora Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Platon]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Oeuvres Complètes]]></source>
<year>1959</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gallimard]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Proust]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Essais et articles]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gallimard]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Real Academia Española</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Diccionario de la lengua española]]></source>
<year></year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Espasa-Calpe]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Renoir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pierre-Auguste Renoir, mon père]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gallimard]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rousseau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean-Jacques]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Discours sur les sciences et les arts]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Librairie Générale Française]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatien-Alphonse-François]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Les infortunes de la vertu]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bookking International]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donatien-Alphonse-François]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La philosophie dans le boudoir]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bookking International]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sartre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean-Paul]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Huis clos]]></source>
<year>1947</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gallimard]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Le système de Leibniz et ses modeles mathématiques]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PUF]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siebers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tobin]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lo fantástico romántico]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FCE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sloterdijk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peter]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[L'âme ne s'oppose plus aux machines]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Baruch]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ethique]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[GF-Flammarion, Garnier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trimegisto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hermes]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Corpus Herméticum y otros textos apócrifos]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Arca de la Sabiduría]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Todorov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tzvetan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introducción a la literatura fantástica]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Premia Editora]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Gogh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vincent]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lettres à son frère Théo]]></source>
<year>1937</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Bernard Grasset]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voltaire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[François-Marie Arouet]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Micromégas, Zadig, Candide]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[GF- Flammarion]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voltaire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[François-Marie Arouet]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dictionnaire Philosophique]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[GF-Flammarion]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
