<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-4654</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anuario mexicano de derecho internacional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Anu. Mex. Der. Inter]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-4654</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-46542018000100371</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iij.24487872e.2018.18.12105</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Fidelidades democráticas. La participación política del servicio público en condiciones de democracia directa]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Democratic Faithfulness. The Political Participation of Public Service under Conditions of Direct Democracy]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[Fidélités démocratiques. La participation politique de la fonction publique en mesure de démocratie directe]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caballero Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Huerta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Iberoamericana Departamento de Derecho ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Iberoamericana Departamento de Derecho ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<fpage>371</fpage>
<lpage>407</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-46542018000100371&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-46542018000100371&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-46542018000100371&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El escenario actual de la democracia en Latinoamérica se enfrenta a dos fenómenos importantes que han trasladado su titularidad de la sociedad en general a instituciones gubernamentales, con lo que se ha reducido su utilidad y legitimidad en el plano político-social. Por un lado, los esquemas democráticos parecen encarar un esquema de instrumentalización que los reduce a la celebración de actividades electorales a través de la emisión de un voto, y, por el otro, a una situación de secuestro que la priva de sus atributos esenciales para el desarrollo de la libre participación política de la sociedad. Con ello, se tiende a creer que, en el marco de los procesos democráticos, se debe ser fiel a quien detente el poder para la organización de esta democracia orquestada y no a quien originariamente corresponde la posibilidad de decidir: al pueblo. Sobre esta base, el presente texto analiza las salvaguardas que, en el marco de un Estado democrático y constitucional, deben existir para garantizar el ejercicio de los derechos políticos sin temor a represalias, específicamente en el marco de referendos revocatorios en los que participan servidores públicos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The actual scenario of democracy in Latin-America deals with two particular phenomena that have shifted its holding from the people towards the government. On the one hand, democracy faces a scheme of instrumentalisation that reduces its nature to ballot casting during elections. On the other, it has been deprived of the essential elements that make free political participation a reality. As a consequence, society tends to think it must be faithful to who holds the power to organise an instrumental democracy, and not to who originally has the chance to decide: the people. This paper analyses the political and legal safeguards that must exist in a constitutional democracy in order to guarantee the exercise of political rights without fear of reprisals, particularly on those democratic exercises related to recalls and to the political participation of public servants.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Résumé La démocratie actuelle dans le contexte latino-américain est confrontée à deux phénomènes majeurs qui ont transféré la propriété du peuple aux institutions de gouvernement, donc réduit leur utilité et sa légitimité au niveau politique sociale. D&#8217;une part, les régimes démocratiques semblent faire face à un modèle de instrumentalisation qui réduit la tenue d&#8217;activités électorales pour une voix et, d&#8217;autre part, ils faire face à une enlèvements qui le prive de ses attributs essentiels pour développer la participation libre de la société. Ainsi, il y a une tendance à croire que, dans les processus démocratiques, on doit être fidèle à qui détient le pouvoir pour l&#8217;organisation de cette démocratie orchestrée et non à qui correspond originalement la possibilité de décider: le peuple. Sur cette base, ce document analyse des sauvegardes que doit exister dans un État démocratique et constitutionnel pour garantir l&#8217;exercice des droits politiques sans craindre de représailles, en particulier dans le contexte des référendums révocatoires sur les fonctionnaires impliqués.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derechos políticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[democracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[referendos revocatorios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salvaguardas políticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[represalias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia electoral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derechos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[servidores públicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[democracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[recalls]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political safeguards]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reprisals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[electoral violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public servers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[les droits politiques]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[la démocratie]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[les référendums révocatoires]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[les garanties politiques]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[représailles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[la violence électorale]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[droits de l&#8217;homme]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[les fonctionnaires]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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