<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3550</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3550</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35502025000100323</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2025.1.720</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Subjetividad del muerto viviente: el fenómeno de desaparición de personas en México y la crisis de fentanilo en Estados Unidos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Subjectivity of the Living Dead: The Phenomenon of Disappearances in Mexico and the Fentanyl Crisis in the U.S.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcos David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>323</fpage>
<lpage>343</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35502025000100323&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35502025000100323&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35502025000100323&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se establece la utilización de la subjetividad del muerto viviente por medio de la vinculación con dos fenómenos: la desaparición de personas en México y la crisis de salud pública que se experimenta en Estados Unidos a raíz de las sobredosis por el uso de fentanilo. En primer lugar, se plantea un análisis del dispositivo prohibicionista de drogas y los procesos de subjetivación que se generan a partir de éste, bajo un análisis postestructuralista; de manera posterior, se realiza un breve recorrido sobre la utilización del concepto zombi en las ciencias sociales y se constituye una transición hacia la construcción de la subjetividad del muerto viviente atribuyéndole características específicas dentro del contexto de violencia en México y su relación con el fenómeno de desaparición, y por otro lado, la crisis por uso de opioides sintéticos ilegales en Estados Unidos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper explores the use of the subjectivity of the living dead by linking it to two critical phenomena: the disappearance of individuals in Mexico and the public health crisis in the United States caused by fentanyl overdoses. First, it presents an analysis of the prohibitionist drug regime and the processes of subjectivation it generates, framed within a post-structuralist perspective. Then, it offers a brief overview of the use of the concept of the zombie in social sciences, leading to the construction of the subjectivity of the living dead. This concept is assigned specific characteristics within the context of violence in Mexico and its relation to enforced disappearances, as well as to the crisis stemming from the use of illegal synthetic opioids in the United States.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dispositivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[subjetivación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[muerto viviente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desaparición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fentanilo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[device]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[subjectivation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[living dead]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[disappearance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fentanyl]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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