<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3550</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Norteamérica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3550</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35502022000100008</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/cisan.24487228e.2022.1.512</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Key Fail Factors as Innovation Strategies To Be Avoided: A Comparative Study between Mexican and American Social Impact Startup in COVID-19 Pandemic Times]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores clave de fracaso como estrategias de innovación a evitar: un estudio comparativo entre startups de impacto social mexicanas y estadounidenses en tiempos de la pandemia de COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía-Trejo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patiño-Karam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guadalajara Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico-Administrativas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guadalajara Centro Universitario de Ciencias Económico-Administrativas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Panamericana-Guadalajara Escuela de Posgraduados de Negocios ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>217</fpage>
<lpage>264</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35502022000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35502022000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35502022000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Purpose This study determines the different combinations and levels of key failure factors (KFF) as the opposite of key success factors (KSF), between Mexican and American social impact startups (SIS) in COVID-19 pandemic times, as the source of innovation strategies.  Methodology It is based on the KSF-SIS framework, an academic and empirical scale previously proved in 2021. The survey data was gathered from 100 Mexican/300 American CEOS-SIS in Jan-Jun-2021. Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) determined the model's reliability / validity to confirm the KSF, while Fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative (fsQCA) was used to get the KFF.  Results The 6 factors implied in the KSF-SIS framework were considered: Entrepreneur Profile (EPR); Market Knowledge (MKK); Strategic Analysis (STA); Key Performance Indicators (KPI); Business Plan (BPL); and Value Proposition (VPN). The results showed 5 combinations of these factors that produce KFF for Mexican SIS and 2 combinations for American SIS as innovation strategies to be avoided.  Originality CB-SEM is used as a reliability and validity tool to confirm the KSF framework to achieve several opposite conditions as KFF through fsQCA, determining necessary, sufficiency, coverage, and consistency of such a framework for Mexican/American SIS.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Propósito Este estudio determina las diferentes combinaciones y niveles de factores clave de falla (KFF) como opuestos a los factores clave de éxito (KSF) entre las startups de impacto social (SIS) mexicanas y estadounidenses en tiempos de la pandemia de COVID-19, como fuente de estrategias de innovación.  Metodología Se basa en el modelo KSF-SIS, una escala académica y empírica probada previamente en 2021. Los datos de la encuesta fueron de cien directores ejecutivos mexicanos y trescientos estadounidenses SIS de enero a junio de2021. El modelado de ecuaciones estructurales basado en covarianza (CB-SEM) determinó la confiabilidad o validez del modelo para confirmar el KSF, y se utilizó el conjunto comparativo cualitativo difuso (fsQCA) para obtener el KFF.  Resultados Se consideraron los seis factores implícitos en el marco KSF-SIS, tales como perfil del emprendedor (EPR); conocimiento del mercado (MKK); análisis estratégico (STA); indicadores clave de rendimiento (KPI); plan de negocios (BPL); y propuesta de valor (VPN). Los resultados mostraron cinco combinaciones de dichos factores que producen KFF para el SIS mexicano y dos combinaciones para el SIS estadounidense como estrategias de innovación a evitar.  Originalidad CB-SEM se utiliza como una herramienta de confiabilidad y validez para confirmar el marco KSF para lograr varias condiciones opuestas, como KFF a través de fsQCA, determinando la necesidad, suficiencia, cobertura y consistencia de dicho marco para el SIS mexicano/estadounidense.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[key success factor, key fail factor, social impact startups, innovation strategy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CBA-SEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fsQCA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factor clave de éxito]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factor clave de falla]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[startups de impacto social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrategia de innovación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CBA-SEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fsQCA]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Moving Beyond Multiple Regression Analysis to Algorithms: Calling for Adoption of a Paradigm Shift from Symmetric to Asymmetric Thinking in Data Analysis and Crafting Theory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Business Research]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>463-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
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</back>
</article>
