<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física E]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fís. E]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35422011000100016</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Origen de la construcción de instrumentos ópticos en México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno Corral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Ensenada Instituto de Astronomía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada Baja California]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>96</fpage>
<lpage>101</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35422011000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35422011000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35422011000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En 1769 ocurrieron varios fenómenos astronómicos de importancia que fueron observados desde diversas partes de la Nueva España. Del estudio de los trabajos que entonces publicaron nuestros astrónomos, surgen datos, hasta ahora no tomados en cuenta por los especialistas, que muestran que en aquellas fechas, Antonio Alzate y Ramírez, notable criollo que mucho hizo por introducir y divulgar la ciencia moderna en México, fue el primer constructor de instrumentos ópticos -en particular telescopios- en esta nación. Al comparar su actividad con la de otros americanos notables de fines del siglo XVIII, se encuentra evidencia que indica que pudo ser el primer constructor de telescopios de América.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In 1769 there were several important astronomical phenomena which were observed from diverse parts of New Spain. From the study of the work then published by our astronomers, data emerge so far not taken into account by specialists, which show that at that time, Antonio Alzate y Ramirez, remarkable New Spaniard who did much to introduce and popularize modern science in Mexico, was the first manufacturer of optical instruments -in particular telescopes- in this nation. By comparing his activity with that of others noteworthy Americans of the late eighteenth century, we get evidence that he might be the first builder of telescopes in America.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Óptica en México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia de la física]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciencia en México colonial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Optics in Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[history of physics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[colonial science in Mexico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Historia y filosof&iacute;a de la f&iacute;sica</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Origen de la construcci&oacute;n de instrumentos &oacute;pticos en M&eacute;xico</b></font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>M.A. Moreno Corral y E. Luna</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Instituto de Astronom&iacute;a Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico Campus Ensenada, Carretera Tijuana&#150;Ensenada, Col. Pedregal Playitas, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, M&eacute;xico, e&#150;mails:</i> <a href="mailto:mam@astrosen.unam.mx">mam@astrosen.unam.mx</a>; <a href="mailto:eala@astrosen.unam.mx">eala@astrosen.unam.mx</a>.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 13 de mayo de 2010    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>     Aceptado el 3 de diciembre de 2010</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En 1769 ocurrieron varios fen&oacute;menos astron&oacute;micos de importancia que fueron observados desde diversas partes de la Nueva Espa&ntilde;a. Del estudio de los trabajos que entonces publicaron nuestros astr&oacute;nomos, surgen datos, hasta ahora no tomados en cuenta por los especialistas, que muestran que en aquellas fechas, Antonio Alzate y Ram&iacute;rez, notable criollo que mucho hizo por introducir y divulgar la ciencia moderna en M&eacute;xico, fue el primer constructor de instrumentos &oacute;pticos &#150;en particular telescopios&#150; en esta naci&oacute;n. Al comparar su actividad con la de otros americanos notables de fines del siglo XVIII, se encuentra evidencia que indica que pudo ser el primer constructor de telescopios de Am&eacute;rica.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores:</b> &Oacute;ptica en M&eacute;xico; historia de la f&iacute;sica; ciencia en M&eacute;xico colonial.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In 1769 there were several important astronomical phenomena which were observed from diverse parts of New Spain. From the study of the work then published by our astronomers, data emerge so far not taken into account by specialists, which show that at that time, Antonio Alzate y Ramirez, remarkable New Spaniard who did much to introduce and popularize modern science in Mexico, was the first manufacturer of optical instruments &#150;in particular telescopes&#150; in this nation. By comparing his activity with that of others noteworthy Americans of the late eighteenth century, we get evidence that he might be the first builder of telescopes in America.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Optics in Mexico; history of physics; colonial science in Mexico.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 01.65.+g; 07.60.&#150;j</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmfe/v57n1/v57n1a16.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. H.C. King, <i>The History of the Telescope</i> (Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1979).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508299&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. A. Cornejo, <i>Bol. Soc. Mex. F&iacute;s.</i> <b>2</b> (1990) 8.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508301&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. M.A. Moreno Corral y E. Luna, <i>Bol. Soc. Mex. F&iacute;s.</i> <b>13</b> (1999) 71.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508303&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. R. Moreno, <i>Jos&eacute; Antonio Alzate y Ram&iacute;rez. Obras I</i> (UNAM, Mexico, 1980).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508305&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. R. Moreno, <i>Historia de la Astronom&iacute;a en M&eacute;xico</i> (FCE, Mexico, 1986).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508307&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. M.A. Moreno Corral, <i>Los Transitos de Mercurio</i> (Anuario del Observatorio Astronomico, A&ntilde;o CVI. UNAM, Mexico, 1985).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508309&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. E. Trabulse, <i>Historia de la ciencia en M&eacute;xico</i> (Vol III, CONACYT&#150;FCE. Mexico, 1986).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508311&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. E. Trabulse, <i>Ibid</i></font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. J.M. Vaquero, R.M. Trigo, M.C. Gallego, and M.A. Moreno&#150;Corral, <i>Solar Phys.</i> <b>240</b> (2007) 165.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508314&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. S. Ram&iacute;rez, <i>Joaqu&iacute;n Velazquez de Leon y Andres Manuel del R&iacute;o.</i> (SEFI. UNAM, 1983).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508316&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11. R. Moreno, <i>Joaqu&iacute;n Velazquez de Leon y sus trabajos cient&iacute;ficos sobre el Valle de Mexico</i> (UNAM, Mexico, 1977).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508318&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">12. P. Bret, <i>Periodismo cient&iacute;fico en el siglo XVIII</i>P. Aceves (ed.), (UAM. Mexico, 2001). pp. 123.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508320&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">13. F.A. Jenkins and H.E. White, <i>Fundamentals of Optics.</i> McGraw&#150;Hill. New York, 1957</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508322&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">14. M.A. Moreno Corral, <i>Implantacio&iacute;n de la ciencia europea en el M&eacute;xico colonial. Siglos XVIy XVII</i> (Edicion del autor. Ensenada, B.C. Mexico, 2004).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508323&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">15. A.D.C. Simpson, "The <i>beginnings of commercial manufacture of the reflecting telescope in London"</i> (JHA, XL, 2009). pp. 421.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508325&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">16. R. Moreno, <i>Ensayos de bibliograf&iacute;a Mexicana</i> (UNAM. Mexico, 1989).    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508327&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">17. R. Sanchez Flores, <i>"Jos&eacute; Ignacio Bartolache. El sabio humanista a trave&iacute;s de sus bienes, sus libros e instrumentos de trabajo"</i> (Bol. Archivo General de la Nacion. T. XIII, Mexico 19721976). pp. 189.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508329&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">18. J.A. Alzate, <i>Eclypse de Luna del doce de diciembre de mil setecientos setentay nueve</i> (Joseph Jauregui. Mexico, 1770). Vease la nota E de ese trabajo.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508331&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">19. M.A. Moreno Corral, <i>Elementos</i> (1986) 23.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8508333&pid=S1870-3542201100010001600018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      ]]></body><back>
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