<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física E]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fís. E]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35422009000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estabilidad de un péndulo con forzamiento periódico arbitrario]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintero-Cabra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alejo-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departamento de Física ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brasil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>161</fpage>
<lpage>167</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35422009000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35422009000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35422009000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[La dinámica de un péndulo forzado a ángulos y forzamientos arbitrarios es estudiada usando el formalismo lagrangiano y el método del potencial efectivo. Nosotros realizamos una discusión general del problema y al final consideramos tres tipos particulares de forzamiento: sinusoidal, cuadrado y triangular. Se encontró que la frecuencia de corte que determina la frontera entre la región de estabilidad y de inestabilidad depende del tipo de forzamiento considerado. Para forzamientos tipo cuadrado, el límite inferior de la región de estabilidad es mínimo, mientras que para forzamiento tipo triangular es máximo; el caso tradicional del forzamiento tipo sinusoidal se encuentra entre los anteriores.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The dynamics of a driven pendulum at arbitrary angles and signals is studied using the lagrangian formalism and the effective potential method. We make a general discussion of the problem and consider three particular driving signals: sinusoidal, square and triangular. Was found that the cut off frequency, which determines the transition between the stability and nonstability regions depends on the type of signal used. For square driving the lower bound is minimum, while for the triangular drive is a maximum, the usual case of sinusoidal driving was found between the previous ones.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Péndulo forzado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[forzamiento arbitrario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[potencial efectivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Driven pendulum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[arbitrary signal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[effective potential]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Ense&ntilde;anza</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Estabilidad de un p&eacute;ndulo con forzamiento peri&oacute;dico arbitrario</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>P. Quintero&#150;Cabra&ordf;*, J. Silva&#150;Valencia&ordf;** y H. Alejo&#150;Mart&iacute;nez<sup>b</sup>***</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp; </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>&ordf; Departamento de F&iacute;sica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, </i><i>A.A. 5997, Bogot&aacute;, Colombia, e-mails: </i>*<a href="mailto:paquinteroc@unal.edu.co">paquinteroc@unal.edu.co</a> ; **<a href="mailto:jsilvav@unal.edu.co">jsilvav@unal.edu.co</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>b</sup> Instituto de F&iacute;sica Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 6165, Campinas 13083&#150;970, SP, Brasil, e&#150;mail: </i>***<a href="mailto:halejom@unal.edu.co">halejom@unal.edu.co</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 5 de enero de 2009    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>   Aceptado el 30 de junio de 2009</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">La din&aacute;mica de un p&eacute;ndulo forzado a &aacute;ngulos y forzamientos arbitrarios es estudiada usando el formalismo lagrangiano y el m&eacute;todo del potencial efectivo. Nosotros realizamos una discusi&oacute;n general del problema y al final consideramos tres tipos particulares de forzamiento: sinusoidal, cuadrado y triangular. Se encontr&oacute; que la frecuencia de corte que determina la frontera entre la regi&oacute;n de estabilidad y de inestabilidad depende del tipo de forzamiento considerado. Para forzamientos tipo cuadrado, el l&iacute;mite inferior de la regi&oacute;n de estabilidad es m&iacute;nimo, mientras que para forzamiento tipo triangular es m&aacute;ximo; el caso tradicional del forzamiento tipo sinusoidal se encuentra entre los anteriores.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores:</b> P&eacute;ndulo forzado; forzamiento arbitrario; potencial efectivo.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The dynamics of a driven pendulum at arbitrary angles and signals is studied using the lagrangian formalism and the effective potential method. We make a general discussion of the problem and consider three particular driving signals: sinusoidal, square and triangular. Was found that the cut off frequency, which determines the transition between the stability and nonstability regions depends on the type of signal used. For square driving the lower bound is minimum, while for the triangular drive is a maximum, the usual case of sinusoidal driving was found between the previous ones.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Driven pendulum; arbitrary signal; effective potential.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 45.20Jj; 45.20.dc; 45.40Cc</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmfe/v55n2/v55n2a4.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Los autores agradecen los valiosos comentarios del Profesor Fabio Fajardo y las discusiones con Inti Sodemann y Mauricio Marino. Silva&#150;Valencia agradece el soporte financiero de la Divisi&oacute;n de Investigaci&oacute;n Bogot&aacute; (DIB) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. A.L. Hof, M.G.J. Gazendam y W.E. Sinke, <i>J. of Biomechanics. </i>38(2001) 1.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8451805&pid=S1870-3542200900020000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. D. 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