<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física E]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fís. E]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35422007000100014</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Continuous groups of transformations and time-dependent invariants]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gelover-Santiago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corona-Galindo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Ciencias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Tonantzintla Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>112</fpage>
<lpage>114</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35422007000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35422007000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35422007000100014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this paper we present a very simple derivation of the constants of motion for dynamical systems, which requires only an elementary knowledge of the theory of continuous groups. In addition, through the infinitesimal Lorenz transformations group, we obtain a clear interpretation of the invariant for the harmonic oscillator.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se presenta un método sencillo para la derivación de las constantes de movimiento de sistemas dinámicos, la cual requiere solamente conocimientos elementales de la teoría de grupos continuos. Además, mediante las transformaciones infinitesimales de Lorentz, se obtiene una interpretación clara del invariante para un oscilador armónico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lie groups]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lorenz group]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dynamical systems]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Noether's theorem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[infinitesimal transformations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Grupos de Lie]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[grupo de Lorentz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistemas dinámicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teorema de Noether]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transformaciones infinitesimales]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Ense&ntilde;anza</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Continuous groups of transformations and time&#150;dependent invariants</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>A.L. Gelover&#150;Santiago&ordf; and <b>M.G. Corona&#150;Galindo<sup>b</sup></b></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&ordf;<i> Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico, Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, M&eacute;xico D.F., M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>b</sup><i> Instituto Nacional de Astrof&iacute;sica, &Oacute;ptica y Electr&oacute;nica, Apartado Postal 216, 72840, Tonantzintla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 6 de diciembre de 2006    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> Aceptado el 17 de abril de 2007</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this paper we present a very simple derivation of the constants of motion for dynamical systems, which requires only an elementary knowledge of the theory of continuous groups. In addition, through the infinitesimal Lorenz transformations group, we obtain a clear interpretation of the invariant for the harmonic oscillator.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Lie groups; Lorenz group; dynamical systems; Noether's theorem; infinitesimal transformations.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se presenta un m&eacute;todo sencillo para la derivaci&oacute;n de las constantes de movimiento de sistemas din&aacute;micos, la cual requiere solamente conocimientos elementales de la teor&iacute;a de grupos continuos. Adem&aacute;s, mediante las transformaciones infinitesimales de Lorentz, se obtiene una interpretaci&oacute;n clara del invariante para un oscilador arm&oacute;nico.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Grupos de Lie; grupo de Lorentz; sistemas din&aacute;micos; teorema de Noether; transformaciones infinitesimales.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 02.90.+p</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmfe/v53n1/v53n1a14.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgments</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">We wish to thank the CONACYT and DAAD for financial support.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. L.P. Eisenhart, <i>Riemannian Geometry </i>(Princeton University Press, 1926).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8446873&pid=S1870-3542200700010001400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. L.P. Eisenhart, <i>Continuos Groups of Transformations </i>(Dover Publications Inc., 1961).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8446874&pid=S1870-3542200700010001400002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. M. Lutzky, <i>J. Phys. 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