<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-3542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física E]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fís. E]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-3542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-35422007000100008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Animaciones en Matlab y maple de ecuaciones diferenciales parciales de la física-matemática]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortigoza Capetillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Matemáticas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Xalapa Ver.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>56</fpage>
<lpage>66</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-35422007000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-35422007000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-35422007000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este trabajo se presentan soluciones exactas de ecuaciones diferenciales parciales que dependen del tiempo; estas soluciones son de la forma u(x, t), con x <img border=0 width=13 height=14 src="../../../../../img/revistas/rmfe/v53n1/a8s1.jpg">Rn, n = 1,2,3. Las gráficas de las soluciones a diferentes tiempos permiten la creación de animaciones de las soluciones. Se muestra de manera general la forma de crear animaciones en Maple y Matlab. Estas animaciones pueden utilizarse como herramienta didáctica para presentar fenómenos físicos como son: la propagación de ondas de un medio a otro, superposición de ondas, difusión, etc; así mismo pueden usarse para despertar el interés de los estudiantes por el estudio de las ecuaciones diferenciales parciales y sus aplicaciones. Para las animaciones se eligió un subconjunto importante de ecuaciones de la física matemática, entre las que se cuentan: la ecuación del transporte, la ecuación de ondas (vibración de cuerdas y membranas, problema de transmisión), las ecuaciones de Klein Gordon, Korteweg de Vries (no lineal), del calor y de Maxwell. Brevemente se describen algunas de las técnicas de solución analítica de edps como son: escalamiento, método de características, separación de variables, etc. Más aun, el contar con soluciones analíticas puede ser útil para la verificación de implementaciones numéricas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this work we present some exact solutions of time dependent partial differential equations (pdes); these solutions have the general form u(x, t), with x <img border=0 width=13 height=14 src="../../../../../img/revistas/rmfe/v53n1/a8s1.jpg">Rn, n = 1, 2, 3. The plots of the solutions at different times allow us to create animations of the solutions. We show in a general framework how to make animations in Maple and Matlab. These animations can be used as a didactic tool in order to introduce some physical phenomena such as: wave propagation, superposition, transmission from one medium to another, diffusion, etc. They can also be used to motive the students to the study of partial differential equations and its applications. A representative subset of differential equations of mathematical physics was chosen that includes: the transport equation, wave equation, heat equation and equations of Klein Gordon, Korteweg de Vries, and Maxwell. We briefly present some of the analytical methods for the solutions of pdes: scaling, characteristics and separation of variables. Finally exact solutions can be very useful for code testing in numerical implementations.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enseñanza de la física]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[herramientas didácticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ecuaciones diferenciales parciales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Physics education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[education aids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[partial differential equations]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Ense&ntilde;anza</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Animaciones en Matlab y maple de ecuaciones diferenciales parciales de la f&iacute;sica&#150;matem&aacute;tica</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>G.M. Ortigoza Capetillo</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Facultad de Matem&aacute;ticas, Universidad Veracruzana, Zona Universitaria, Apartado Postal 270, 91090 Xalapa, Ver. </i>e&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:gortigoza@uv.mx">gortigoza@uv.mx</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 22 de mayo de 2006    <br>   Aceptado el 23 de agosto de 2006</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este trabajo se presentan soluciones exactas de ecuaciones diferenciales parciales que dependen del tiempo; estas soluciones son de la forma <i>u(x, t), </i>con <i>x </i><img src="/img/revistas/rmfe/v53n1/a8s1.jpg"><i> R<sup>n</sup></i>, <i>n </i>= 1,2,3. Las gr&aacute;ficas de las soluciones a diferentes tiempos permiten la creaci&oacute;n de animaciones de las soluciones. Se muestra de manera general la forma de crear animaciones en Maple y Matlab. Estas animaciones pueden utilizarse como herramienta did&aacute;ctica para presentar fen&oacute;menos f&iacute;sicos como son: la propagaci&oacute;n de ondas de un medio a otro, superposici&oacute;n de ondas, difusi&oacute;n, etc; as&iacute; mismo pueden usarse para despertar el inter&eacute;s de los estudiantes por el estudio de las ecuaciones diferenciales parciales y sus aplicaciones. Para las animaciones se eligi&oacute; un subconjunto importante de ecuaciones de la f&iacute;sica matem&aacute;tica, entre las que se cuentan: la ecuaci&oacute;n del transporte, la ecuaci&oacute;n de ondas (vibraci&oacute;n de cuerdas y membranas, problema de transmisi&oacute;n), las ecuaciones de Klein Gordon, Korteweg de Vries (no lineal), del calor y de Maxwell. Brevemente se describen algunas de las t&eacute;cnicas de soluci&oacute;n anal&iacute;tica de edps como son: escalamiento, m&eacute;todo de caracter&iacute;sticas, separaci&oacute;n de variables, etc. M&aacute;s aun, el contar con soluciones anal&iacute;ticas puede ser &uacute;til para la verificaci&oacute;n de implementaciones num&eacute;ricas.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores: </b>Ense&ntilde;anza de la f&iacute;sica; herramientas did&aacute;cticas; ecuaciones diferenciales parciales.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this work we present some exact solutions of time dependent partial differential equations (pdes); these solutions have the general form <i>u(x, t), </i>with <i>x </i><img src="/img/revistas/rmfe/v53n1/a8s1.jpg" alt=""> <i>R<sup>n</sup></i>, <i>n </i>= 1, 2, 3. The plots of the solutions at different times allow us to create animations of the solutions. We show in a general framework how to make animations in Maple and Matlab. These animations can be used as a didactic tool in order to introduce some physical phenomena such as: wave propagation, superposition, transmission from one medium to another, diffusion, etc. They can also be used to motive the students to the study of partial differential equations and its applications. A representative subset of differential equations of mathematical physics was chosen that includes: the transport equation, wave equation, heat equation and equations of Klein Gordon, Korteweg de Vries, and Maxwell. We briefly present some of the analytical methods for the solutions of pdes: scaling, characteristics and separation of variables. Finally exact solutions can be very useful for code testing in numerical implementations.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Physics education; education aids; partial differential equations.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 02.30Jr; 01.40Fk; 01.50Fr; 01.50Ht</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmfe/v53n1/v53n1a8.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Trabajo realizado con apoyo de proyecto Promep 103.5/05/1955.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. L.C. Evans, <i>Partial Differential Equations </i>(Graduate Studies in Mathematics, American Mathematical Society, 1998).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447573&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. J D. Logan, <i>Applied Partial Differential Equations </i>(Springer&#150;Verlag, Undergradute Texts in Mathematics, 1998).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447574&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. J. Cooper, <i>Introduction to Partial Differential Equations with Matlab </i>(Birkhauser, 1998).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447575&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. S.J. Farlow, <i>Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and engineers </i>(Dover, 1993).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447576&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. P. Duchateau and D.W. Zachmann, <i>Partial Differential Equations </i>(Schaum's Outline series, McGraw&#150;Hill,1986).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447577&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. I.P. Stavroulakis and S.A. Tersian, <i>Partial Differential Equations: An Introduction with Mathematica and Maple </i>(World Scientific Publishing Company, 2004).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447578&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. L. Elden, L. Wittmeyer&#150;Koch, and H.B. Neilsen,<i> Introduction to Numerical Computation &#150; Analysis and MATLAB Illustrations </i>(Studentlitteratur, 2004).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447579&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. M.L. Abell and J.P Braselton, <i>Differential Equations with Mathematica </i>(Elsevier Science &amp; Technology Books, 2004).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447580&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. D.J. Griffiths, <i>Introduction to Electrodynamics </i>(Prentice Hall, 1999).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447581&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. G. Ortigoza, <i>The Runge&#150;Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin method for Maxwell equations, </i>Ph. D. thesis, 2003.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447582&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11. K.A. Lonngren and Sava Savov <i>Fundamentals of Electromagnetics with MATLAB </i>(SciTech Publishing, Incorporated, 2005).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447583&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">12. F. Wang, <i>Physics with MAPLE: The Computer Algebra Resource for Mathematical Methods in Physics </i>(Wiley, John and Sons Incorporated, 2006).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447584&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">13. Gerd Baumann , <i>Mathematica for Theoretical Physics: Classical Mechanics and Nonlinear Dynamics </i>(Springer&#150;Verlag New York, 2005).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447585&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">14. Maple 10 <i>, user manual, </i>maplesoft, 2005.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447586&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">15. J. Putz,<i> Maple Animation </i>(CRC Press, May 2003).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447587&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">16. D. Hanselman and B. Littlefield, <i>Mastering Matlab 7, </i>(Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2005).</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8447588&pid=S1870-3542200700010000800016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> ]]></body><back>
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