<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-249X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[J. Mex. Chem. Soc]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-249X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Química de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-249X2006000200003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optimizing the Conditions for Leaching Lead from Solid Waste Produced by Pyrometallurgical Process of Recycling Automobile Used Batteries]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wai Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Shui]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Galarza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zully]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Félix-Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana Centro de Graduados ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Tijuana Baja California]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>64</fpage>
<lpage>70</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-249X2006000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-249X2006000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-249X2006000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Over 90 % of automobile used lead-acid batteries are recycled worldwide. The typical new car battery contains 60-80 % recycled lead. The current method of disposing lead-contaminated solid waste, generated by lead-acid battery recycling industries, is to bury it in a remote waste management site. This practice of disposing such hazardous solid waste (~22 % in lead) is not a positive approach to solve the environmental problem. In this work we determined the optimal conditions for leaching lead from solid waste using EDTA. Our experimental results indicate that at pH 4.8, a leaching temperature of 55ºC and a 30 min leaching time, 96.8 % of lead present was leached from the solid having particle size <325 mesh (0.051 mm).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En todo el mundo más del 90 % de las baterías de automóvil plomo-ácido son recicladas. Una batería nueva para automóvil contiene de 60 a 80 % de plomo reciclado. El método común de confinamiento de los desechos sólidos contaminados con plomo, generados por la industria recicladora de baterías de plomo-ácido, es enterrarlos en un sitio lejano de manejo de desechos. Esta práctica de confinar tales desechos sólidos (~22 % de plomo) no es adecuada para resolver el problema ambiental. En este trabajo encontramos las condiciones óptimas de lixiviación de plomo de desechos sólidos usando EDTA. Nuestros resultados experimentales indican que se lixivió el 96.8 % del plomo presente en el sólido que tiene un tamaño de partícula < 325 mesh (0.051 mm) a pH 4.8, temperatura de 55 ºC y 30 min de tiempo de lixiviación.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Automobile battery recycling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[lead leaching time]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pH]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[temperature]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[particle size]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reciclamiento de baterías de automóvil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tiempo de lixiviación del plomo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pH]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[temperatura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tamaño de partícula]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Article</font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Optimizing the Conditions for Leaching Lead from Solid Waste Produced by Pyrometallurgical Process of Recycling Automobile Used Batteries</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"> <strong>Shui Wai Lin,* Zully Vargas&#45;Galarza and Rosa Mar&iacute;a F&eacute;lix&#45;Navarro</strong></font></p> 	    <p align="center">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="left"><em><font face="verdana" size="2"> Centro de Graduados, Instituto Tecnol&oacute;gico de Tijuana, Tijuana, Baja California, M&eacute;xico. Fax: (858) 581 1211, e&#45;mail:</font></em><font face="verdana" size="2"> <a href="mailto:SL388@AOL.COM" target="_blank">SL388@AOL.COM</a></font></p> 	    <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="left"><font face="verdana" size="2"> Recibido el 30 de noviembre del 2005.    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br>   Aceptado el 28 de junio del 2006</font>.</p>     <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="left"><font face="verdana" size="2"> <b>Abstract</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> Over 90 % of automobile used lead&#45;acid batteries are recycled worldwide. The typical new car battery contains 60&#45;80 % recycled lead. The current method of disposing lead&#45;contaminated solid waste, generated by lead&#45;acid battery recycling industries, is to bury it in a remote waste management site. This practice of disposing such hazardous solid waste (~22 % in lead) is not a positive approach to solve the environmental problem. In this work we determined the optimal conditions for leaching lead from solid waste using EDTA. Our experimental results indicate that at pH 4.8, a leaching temperature of 55<sup>o</sup>C and a 30 min leaching time, 96.8 % of lead present was leached from the solid having particle size &lt;325 mesh (0.051 mm).</font></p> 	    <p align="left"><font face="verdana" size="2"> <b>Keywords:</b> Automobile battery recycling; lead leaching time; pH; temperature; particle size. </font></p> 	    <p align="left">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="left"><font size="2" face="verdana"><b>Resumen</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font size="2" face="verdana">En todo el mundo m&aacute;s del 90 % de las bater&iacute;as de autom&oacute;vil plomo&#45;&aacute;cido son recicladas. Una bater&iacute;a nueva para autom&oacute;vil contiene de 60 a 80 % de plomo reciclado. El m&eacute;todo com&uacute;n de confinamiento de los desechos s&oacute;lidos contaminados con plomo, generados por la industria recicladora de bater&iacute;as de plomo&#45;&aacute;cido, es enterrarlos en un sitio lejano de manejo de desechos. Esta pr&aacute;ctica de confinar tales desechos s&oacute;lidos (~22 % de plomo) no es adecuada para resolver el problema ambiental. En este trabajo encontramos las condiciones &oacute;ptimas de lixiviaci&oacute;n de plomo de desechos s&oacute;lidos usando EDTA. Nuestros resultados experimentales indican que se lixivi&oacute; el 96.8 % del plomo presente en el s&oacute;lido que tiene un tama&ntilde;o de part&iacute;cula &lt; 325 mesh (0.051 mm) a pH 4.8, temperatura de 55 <sup>o</sup>C y 30 min de tiempo de lixiviaci&oacute;n.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> <b>Palabras clave:</b> Reciclamiento de bater&iacute;as de autom&oacute;vil, tiempo de lixiviaci&oacute;n del plomo; pH; temperatura; tama&ntilde;o de part&iacute;cula.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font size="2" face="verdana"><a href="/pdf/jmcs/v50n2/v50n2a3.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ARCHIVO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font size="2" face="verdana"><b>Acknowledgment</b> </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font size="2" face="verdana">The authors would like to take this opportunity to thank COSNET (Consejo del Sistema Nacional de Educaci&oacute;n Tecnol&oacute;gica M&eacute;xico) for the financial support for this investigation under Grant No. 741.99P. </font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> 1.&nbsp;Salamon, K. <i>Lead&#45;Acid Battery&#45;Operated Electric Street Vehicles: New Constructions from Germany, Batteries. In: Karl, V. (Ed). Lead&#45;Acid Batteries and Electric Vehicles.</i> Kordesch, Marcek Dekker, New York, <b>1977,</b> </font><em><font face="verdana" size="2">2</font></em><font face="verdana" size="2">, 482.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894284&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2.&nbsp;<i>Diario Oficial de la Federacion. NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM&#45;001&#45;ECOL</i> 1996, 8.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894286&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3.&nbsp;Heil, D.; Samani, Z.; Hanson Ruff, B. <i>Water Air Soil Poll</i> <b>1999,</b> <i>113,</i> 77&#45;95.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894288&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4.&nbsp;Monika, A.; Kedziorek; Dupuy, A.; Aalain; Bourg, C; Compere, F. <i>Environ. Sci. Technol.</i> <b>1998,</b> <i>32,</i> 1609 &#45;1614.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894290&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5.&nbsp;Hong, J.; Pintauro, P. <i>Water Air Soil Poll</i> <b>1996,</b> <i>86,</i> 35&#45;50.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894292&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6.&nbsp;Pecsok, R.L. <i>J. Chem. Educ.</i> <b>1952</b>, <em>29</em>, 597.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894294&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7.&nbsp;Wadsworth, M.E. <i>Chapter 9: Leaching &#45; Metals Applications. In: Rouseau, R.W. (Ed). Handbook of Separation Process Technology.</i> <b>1987,</b> John Willey &amp; Sons, New York.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894296&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"> 8.&nbsp;Dixon, G.; Hendrix, J. <i>Metall Tran B.</i> <b>1993,</b> <i>24B,</i> 1087&#45;1101.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894298&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9.&nbsp;Samani, Z.; Hu, S.; Hanson, A.; Heil, D. <i>Water Air Soil Poll</i> <b>1998,</b> <i>102,</i> 221&#45;238.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=4894300&pid=S1870-249X200600020000300009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salamon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Lead-Acid Battery-Operated Electric Street Vehicles: New Constructions from Germany, Batteries]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lead-Acid Batteries and Electric Vehicles]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<source><![CDATA[Diario Oficial de la Federacion]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<page-range>8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanson Ruff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Water Air Soil Poll]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<page-range>77-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kedziorek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Monika, A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dupuy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aalain]]></surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Compere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Environ. Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>1609 -1614</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pintauro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Water Air Soil Poll]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<page-range>35-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pecsok]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J. Chem. Educ.]]></source>
<year>1952</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>597</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wadsworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Chapter 9: Leaching - Metals Applications]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rouseau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Separation Process Technology]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Willey & Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dixon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hendrix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Metall Tran B.]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>24B</volume>
<page-range>1087-1101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Water Air Soil Poll]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<page-range>221-238</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
