<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1870-2147</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista IUS]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. IUS]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1870-2147</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Internacional de Estudios sobre Ley y Derecho A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1870-21472019000200013</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35487/rius.v13i44.2019.475</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Military Use in Public Security Operations: Is it ever Advisable?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[¿Es aconsejable el uso militar en operaciones de seguridad pública?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pion-Berlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of California  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Riverside ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>44</numero>
<fpage>13</fpage>
<lpage>28</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1870-21472019000200013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1870-21472019000200013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1870-21472019000200013&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Countries throughout the Latin American region have introduced the armed forces into internal security operations of one kind or another. Since militaries are accustomed to using maximal levels of violence to defeat enemies, such interventions could pose threats to civilians. However, it may be that those risks vary, depending upon the nature of the intervention. Internal security challenges must first be disaggregated to explore the varieties of operations that militaries undertake. Militaries can adhere to this and other international human rights standards of behavior, when the requisites of the mission are compatible with their pre-existing skill sets. Where they are not, human rights violations will inevitably result. Evidence for this comes from research on counter-narcotic operations in Mexico, where military police patrols are differentiated from high value targeted operations.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Los países de toda la región de América Latina han introducido a las fuerzas armadas en operaciones de seguridad interna de un o otro tipo. Dado que los militares están acostumbrados a utilizar niveles máximos de violencia para derrotar a los enemigos, tales intervenciones podrían representar una amenaza para los civiles. Sin embargo, puede ser que esos riesgos varíen, dependiendo de la naturaleza de la intervención. Los desafíos de seguridad interna primero se deben desagregar para explorar las variedades de operaciones que realizan los militares. Los militares pueden adherirse a esta y otras normas internacionales de comportamiento de derechos humanos, cuando los requisitos de la misión son compatibles con sus habilidades preexistentes. Donde no estén, inevitablemente se producirán violaciones de derechos humanos. La evidencia de esto proviene de la investigación sobre operaciones antinarcóticos en México, donde las patrullas de la policía militar se diferencian de las operaciones dirigidas de alto valor.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Military]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[military missions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[military operations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[police patrols]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[internal security]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public security]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human rights]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Militares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[misiones militares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[operaciones militares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[patrullas policiales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seguridad interna]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seguridad pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[derechos humanos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[About Data Resources Publications Blog Press]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Security Assistance Monitor]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andreas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Price]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From War Fighting to Crime Fighting: Transforming the American National Security State]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Studies Review]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benitez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raul]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexico-Colombia: U.S. Assistance and the Fight Against Organized Crime]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cynthia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[One Goal, Two Struggles: Confronting Crime and Violence in Mexico and Colombia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Woodrow Wilson Center Reports on the Americas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative Atlas of Defense in Latin America and the Caribbean]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Red de Seguridad y Defensa de América Latina]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conferencias de Ministros de Defensa de las Americas, Declarations for Each Conference, 1995-2014]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Organización de Estados Americanos]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conroy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[US Military Training of Mexican Security Forces Continues]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Narcosphere]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greener-Barcham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crossing the Green or Blue Line? Exploring the Military-Police Divide]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Small Wars and Insurgencies]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Human Rights Watch</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexico&#8217;s Disappeared: The Enduring Cost of a Crisis Ignored. New York: Human Rights Watch]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Rights Watch]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Human Rights Watch</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ni seguridad ni derechos: Ejecuciones, desapariciones y tortura en la &#8216;guerra contra el narcotráfico&#8217; de México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Rights Watch]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>InfanteriadeMarina</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[LaElitedelasFFAAmexicanasyFES]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Defensa]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[lutterBecK]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Between Police and Military: The New Security Agenda and the Rise of Gendarmeries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cooperation and Conflict]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDavid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transformation vs. Amalgamation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Security and Defense Studies Review]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pion-Berlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Tale of Two Missions: Mexican Military Police Patrols vs. High Value Targeted Operations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Armed Forces &amp; Society]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pion-Berlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trinkunas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Latin America&#8217;s Growing Security Gap]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Democracy]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pion-Berlin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neither Military nor Police: Facing Heterodox Security Challengers and Filling the Security Gap in Democratic Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Democracy and Security]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recomendaciones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comisión Nacional de los Derechos Humanos]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Impact of Multiple Deployments on Soldiers&#8217; Peacekeeping Attitudes, Morale, and Retention]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Armed Forces &amp; Society]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suarez-Enriquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ximena]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Overlooking Justice: Human Rights Violations Committed by Mexican Soldiers are Met with Impunity]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Washington Office on Latin America]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>United Nations</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The un Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement. General Assembly Resolution 34/169]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[United Nations]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
