<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-8906</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Migraciones internacionales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Migr. Inter]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-8906</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de la Frontera Norte A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-89062024000100001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2706</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Colombianos en retorno desde Venezuela: el rol de las redes sociales y de las movilidades transfronterizas en sus emprendimientos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Colombians Returning from Venezuela: The Role of Social Networks and Cross-Border Mobilities in their Business Ventures]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riaño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yvonne]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aliaga Sáez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Université de Neuchâtel  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Switzerland</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Santo Tomás  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>15</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-89062024000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-89062024000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-89062024000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se estudia el emprendimiento y la reintegración de personas colombianas que migraron a Venezuela hacia el año 2000 y fueron deportadas a Colombia en 2015 por el gobierno venezolano. Se investiga hasta qué punto sus movilidades espaciales transfronterizas y sus redes sociales contribuyen al avance de sus microemprendimientos, y cómo el contexto geopolítico influye en su reintegración socioeconómica. La metodología comprende la observación etnográfica multisituada, las entrevistas biográficas, los mapas mentales y los talleres participativos Minga realizados con 18 individuos. Se concluye que, pese a su notable resiliencia, las personas en retorno y sus emprendimientos se enfrentan a una precariedad constante debido a la falta de apoyo estatal, los conflictos geopolíticos prevalentes, la débil economía local y el trauma de la deportación. Así mismo, buscando mejorar su reintegración socioeconómica, los migrantes que retornan efectúan estrategias de movilidad transfronteriza para aprovechar las oportunidades ofrecidas por diferentes lugares en Colombia y Venezuela.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper explores the entrepreneurship and reintegration of Colombians who migrated to Venezuela around 2000 and were arbitrarily deported to Colombia in 2015 by the Venezuelan government. It asks to what extent their cross-border spatial mobilities and social networks help develop their microenterprises and how the geopolitical context influences their socioeconomic reintegration. The methodology includes multi-sited ethnographic observation, biographical interviews, mental maps, and participatory Minga workshops carried out with 18 individuals. It is concluded that, despite their remarkable resilience, these individuals and their business ventures face constant precarity due to a lack of state support, prevalent geopolitical conflicts, a weak local economy, and the trauma of deportation. At the same time, in an attempt to improve their socioeconomic reintegration, returning migrants deploy cross-border mobility strategies to take advantage of the opportunities offered by different localities in Colombia and Venezuela.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[1. retorno forzado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[2. emprendimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[3. fronteras]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[4. deportación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[5. Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[1. forced return]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[2. entrepreneurship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[3. borders]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[4. deportation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[5. Colombia.]]></kwd>
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</article-meta>
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