G. Urriolagoitia–Sosa*, A. Molina–Ballinas, G. Urriolagoitia–Calderón, L. H. Hernández–Gómez, B. Romero–Ángeles, A. Michtchenko

Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Edificio 5, 2do. Piso, Col. Lindavista, CP 07738, México D. F.

ABSTRACT

The evolution and development of mankind has been partly possible thanks to the transformation of diverse types of materials and the manipulation of their mechanical properties. This work is focused on numerical and experimental evaluations of the improvement of the mechanical resistance of one material (AISI 316L) through the application of strain hardening and a residual stress field induction. Additionally, the state of the stresses in the component is determined by the application of the Crack Compliance Method, a destructive method based on the Fracture Mechanics Theory. The relevance of the work lies on the implementation of a new methodology which can be used to improve the mechanical resistance of the component by altering the state of the mechanical properties of this material. This research also demonstrates that strain hardening and induction of a residual stress field must be performed carefully or it could result in a component susceptible to failure. In this respect, bending tests are proposed to provide tensile and compressive stress profiles and to corroborate previous history loading on the material.

Keywords: Residual stresses, strain hardening, Bauschinger effect, Crack Compliance Method.

La evolución y desarrollo de la humanidad, aunque parcialmente, ha sido posible gracias a la transformación de diversos materiales y la manipulación en sus propiedades mecánicas. El presente trabajo está dirigido a la evaluación numérica y experimental del mejoramiento de la resistencia mecánica en un material (AISI 316L) por medio de la aplicación de endurecimiento por deformación y la inducción de un campo de esfuerzos residuales. Adicionalmente, el estado de esfuerzos en el componente es determinado por la aplicación del Método de Respuesta de Grieta, el cual es un método destructivo y con base en la teoría de la Mecánica de la Fractura. La relevancia de este trabajo se enfoca en presentar una nueva metodología que puede ser usada para mejorar la resistencia mecánica de los componentes por medio de la alteración del estado de las propiedades mecánicas del material. El trabajo de investigación presentado en este artículo también muestra que si el endurecimiento por deformación y la inducción del campo de esfuerzos residuales no son realizados con cuidado, esto puede resultar en el deterioro del componente y hacerlo que esté susceptible a fallar. En el mismo sentido, la prueba de flexión es propuesta para obtener la caracterización de esfuerzos en tensión y en compresión del material y corroborar la posible historia previa en el mismo.

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