D. Rangel1, D. Carreón2, M. Cerca3 & E. Méndez1
1 Instituto de Física UNAM, Laboratorio Juriquilla, A.P. 1-1010, Querétaro, México. E-mail: rangel@fenixifisicacu.unam.mx
2 Unidad de Investigación en Ciencias de la Tierra UNAM, A.P. 1-742, C.P. 76230, Juriquilla, Qro, Méxco. E-mail: freyre@servdor.unam.mx
3 Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Instituto de Geologia, Campus Juriquilla UNAM, A.P. 1-742, C.P. 76230, Juriquilla, Qro., Méxco. E-mail: mcerca@unicit.unam.mx
Received: January 11th 2002. ]]> Accepted: March 11th 2002.
ABSTRACT
In this work, the response of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to geological characteristics of fluvio-acustrie soils is analyzed. GPR method is a very useful tool for structural studies of the geological media because it provides continuous profiles from the subsoil (radargrams). The identification of thin geological structures in the radar profiles allowed the evaluation of the detection capacity of the GPR Zond 12c for stratigraphical purposes. Its detection capacity depends on the achieved depth of penetration and resolution, on the transmitted wave frequency, and of the system used for acquisition and processing of the signals. The prospecting principle is based on the emission and reception of short electromagnetic pulses that are reflected by electric discontinuities related to physical or structural properties of the ground.
Keywords: Radar Parameters, Antenna, Transmitter-Receiver, Detection capacity, Radargrams, Soil properties, geological prospecting.
RESUMEN
En este trabajo se analiza la respuesta del Radar de Penetración Terrestre (RPT) a las características geológicas de suelos fluvio-lacustres. El RPT constituye una herramienta útil para el estudio de la estructura del medio geológico debido a que proporciona perfiles continuos del subsuelo (también llamados radargramas). La identificación de estructuras delgadas en las capas de suelos fluvio-lacustres de los radargramas presentados permite evaluar la capacidad de detección del RPT Zond 12c para fines estratigráficos. La capacidad de detección del método depende principalmente de la profundidad alcanzada y de la resolución obtenida durante la prospección, de las frecuencias utilizadas, así como del sistema electrónico para adquisición y procesamiento de las señales. El principio de la prospección se basa en la emisión de impulsos electromagnéticos de corta duración, los cuales son captados después de haber sido reflejados por discontinuidades eléctricas. Estas se asocian normalmente a discontinuidades físicas o estructurales en el subsuelo y dependen directamente de las propiedades del mismo.
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