<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-6180</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Apertura (Guadalajara, Jal.)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Apert. (Guadalaj., Jal.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-6180</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara, Sistema de Universidad Virtual]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-61802016000300007</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32870/ap.v8n2.887</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Foros de discusión: herramienta para incrementar el pensamiento crítico en educación superior]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Discussion forums: Tool to increase critical thinking in higher education]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kutugata Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Armando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>84</fpage>
<lpage>99</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-61802016000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-61802016000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-61802016000300007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Este estudio cualitativo emplea el método de análisis de contenidos de Newman, Webb y Cochrane para analizar los contenidos de las interacciones de 21 foros de discusión, e identificamos diversos tipos de pensamiento crítico. Realizado en una institución privada del norte de México, tomó como muestra tres grupos con un total de 74 estudiantes y se organizó foros de discusión, utilizando la taxonomía de preguntas socráticas, para incrementar el pensamiento crítico. Concluye con lineamientos para diseñar foros de discusión que incrementen y desarrollen el pensamiento crítico en educación virtual.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This qualitative study uses the content analysis method of Newman, Webb, and Cochrane to analyze the contents of the interactions of 21 discussion forums; we succeeded in identifying different types of critical thinking. Carried out in a private institution in the north of México, we sampled three groups with a total of 74 students. Discussion forums were organized using the taxonomy of Socratic questions in order to increase critical thinking. We conclude with guidelines to design quality discussion forums to increase and develop critical thinking in virtual education.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Aprendizaje en línea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enseñanza asistida por computadora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aprendizaje semipresencial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aprendizaje colaborativo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pensamiento crítico.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[E-learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[computer assisted instruction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[b-learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cooperative learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[critical thinking.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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