<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-5346</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de economía y finanzas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. econ. finanz]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-5346</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-53462021000300010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21919/remef.v16i3.633</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on poverty and inequality in Mexico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en la pobreza y desigualdad en México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huesca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llamas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Linda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. Xavier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas Téllez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[César O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estatal de Sonora  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Essex  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Externado de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-53462021000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-53462021000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-53462021000300010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The objective is to quantify the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment, poverty and inequality in Mexico. The methodology is based on a probit model to identify individuals at risk of employment loss, whose earnings are set to zero in ENIGH 2018 to match changes in employment and earnings observed in between December 2019 and the May 2020 according to ENOE and ETOE surveys, respectively. MEXMOD, Mexico&#8217;s microsimulation model, is used to simulate tax-benefit policies based on the pre-COVID and COVID-scenarios. The results show that there was a loss of 12.1 million jobs. Poverty reached 60.16% and extreme poverty reached 29.73%; inequality grew 8.2%. It is recommended to strengthen social policy with extra funding (taxing the rich) to achieve greater redistribution. The limitation is that income distribution is held constant as we do not have ENIGH 2020. The originality is to offer timely measures of poverty and inequality using microsimulation techniques to overcome the lack of data during the pandemic. The research concludes that there are not automatic stabilizers to cope COVID-19 negative effects and cash-transfers are not sufficient to do so.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Objetivo: medir el efecto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el empleo, la pobreza y la desigualdad en México. Metodología: se emplea un modelo probit para identificar a las personas en riesgo de perder el empleo, cuyos ingresos se establecen en cero en la ENIGH 2018 para coincidir con los cambios en el empleo y los ingresos observados entre diciembre de 2019 y mayo de 2020 según las encuestas ENOE y ETOE, respectivamente. MEXMOD, el modelo de microsimulación de México, se utiliza para simular las políticas de impuestos y transferencias basadas en los escenarios pre-COVID y COVID. Resultados: una pérdida de 12.1 millones de empleos, la pobreza llegó al 60.16%, la pobreza extrema al 29.73% y la desigualdad creció un 8.2%. Recomendaciones: fortalecer la política social con mayor recaudación (gravando a los ricos) para una mayor redistribución. Limitación: la distribución del ingreso se mantiene constante al no contar con la ENIGH 2020. Originalidad: se ofrece medidas oportunas de pobreza y desigualdad utilizando técnicas de microsimulación para superar la falta de datos durante la pandemia. Conclusión: no existen estabilizadores automáticos para combatir los efectos negativos de COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microsimulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[income distribution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[taxes and benefits]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inequality and poverty]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microsimulación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[distribución del ingreso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[impuestos y transferencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desigualdad y pobreza]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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