<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-5044</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de neurociencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. neurocienc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-5044</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Mexicana de Neurología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-50442021000300112</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/rmn.20000093</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea is a risk comorbidity for COVID-19 fatality: A review. Part I]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La apnea obstructiva del sueño es una comorbilidad de riesgo para la letalidad de COVID-19. Revisión. Parte I]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera-Castaño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leopoldo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Angeles Chihuahua Department of Neurology and Sleep Clinic ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chihuahua ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>112</fpage>
<lpage>123</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-50442021000300112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-50442021000300112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-50442021000300112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus became a pandemic, and since the first cases reported in December 2019 to 28 October 2020, more than 44 million positive cases have been recorded with an accumulated fatality of 1,172,086 people due to the complication of mild infection of the upper airway to a severe disease of the lower airway, such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome, and death from multiple organ failure. Comorbidities such as age over 40 years, obesity, and diabetes mellitus play an important role in the response inflammatory and immunological that can accelerate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines causing endothelial dysfunction that produces endotheliitis, hypercoagulability, and fibrinolysis not only at lung level but also in other organs such as the heart and central nervous system. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which has a high prevalence in older adults with obesity, is a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction due to hypoxia that may favor hyper inflammation in response to SARS-CoV-2 and therefore OSA should be considered serious comorbidity for COVID-19 fatality. A review of the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2, obesity, and OSA may contribute to have more tools in the prevention and treatment of serious complications of COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El brote de COVID-19 causado por el virus SARS-CoV-2 se convirtió en una pandemia y desde los primeros casos reportados en diciembre de 2019 hasta el 28 de octubre de 2020, se han reportado más de 44 millones de casos positivos con una fatalidad acumulada de 1,172,086 personas debido a la complicación de una infección leve de las vías respiratorias superiores, a una enfermedad grave de las vías respiratorias inferiores, como el Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda y muerte por insuficiencia orgánica múltiple. Comorbilidades como la edad mayor de 40 años, la obesidad y la diabetes mellitus juegan un papel importante en la respuesta inflamatoria e inmunológica que puede acelerar la producción de citosinas proinflamatorias provocando disfunción endotelial que produce endotelitis, hipercoagulabilidad y fibrinólisis, no solo a nivel pulmonar sino también en otros órganos como el corazón y el sistema nervioso central. La apnea obstructiva del sueño (AOS), que tiene una alta prevalencia en adultos mayores con obesidad, es un factor de riesgo de disfunción endotelial por la hipoxia que puede favorecer la hiperinflamación en respuesta al SARS-CoV-2 y, por tanto, la AOS debe considerarse una comorbilidad grave para la letalidad de COVID-19. Una revisión de la fisiopatología del SARS-CoV-2, la obesidad y la AOS puede contribuir a tener más herramientas en la prevención y el tratamiento de las complicaciones graves del COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coronavirus disease-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Comorbidities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[AOS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Comorbilidades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis in COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>383</volume>
<page-range>120-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
