<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-5044</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de neurociencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. neurocienc.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-5044</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Mexicana de Neurología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-50442019000400180</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/rmn.m19000061</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Surgical stress: Cortisol and anxiety in surgeons, patients, and stretcher-bearers]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estrés quirúrgico: cortisol y ansiedad en cirujanos, pacientes y camilleros]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casillas-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángel A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Especialidades Médicas del Estado de Veracruz &#8220;Dr. Rafael Lucio&#8221;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Veracruz ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Veracruzana Instituto de Neuroetología Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Veracruz ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Unidad Periférica Xalapa]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Veracruz ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>180</fpage>
<lpage>185</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-50442019000400180&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-50442019000400180&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-50442019000400180&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Daily stress can cause detrimentally high circulating levels of cortisol. Although habituation to this response can occur, it does not necessarily mean resilience. The operating room may be a natural site for the study of stress.  Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the impact of surgical stress in three protagonists of the operating room who play different roles: surgeon, patient, and stretcher-bearer.  Methods: Twelve triads (patient, stretcher-bearer, and surgeon) of volunteers were selected. Urine samples were taken to determine the level of urinary cortisol as an indicator of stress. The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) was applied in all subjects before surgery.  Results: The statistical analysis indicated that surgeons had the highest urinary cortisol levels, with no difference in cortisol levels between stretcher-bearers and patients. No differences in scores on the STAI-State (which evaluates the level of anxiety in response to a contingency) were found among the three experimental groups, and the lowest STAI-Trait scores (which evaluate anxiety as a personality trait) were found in surgeons.  Conclusion: These data suggest that surgeons, through years of professional practice, develop a certain degree of resilience to perceived anxiety, but this resilience does not prevent the elevation of biochemical markers of anxiety. Therefore, although outward signs of anxiety are not manifest, strategies should be implemented to reduce anxiety in this group of professionals.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: El estrés cotidiano puede causar efectos nocivos relacionados con niveles circulantes elevados de cortisol y aunque pueda ocurrir habituación, no necesariamente significa resiliencia. Es posible que el quirófano sea un sitio natural para el estudio del estrés.  Objetivo: Se comparó el efecto del estrés quirúrgico en tres protagonistas con diferentes roles. El paciente, el camillero y el cirujano, antes del evento quirúrgico.  Métodos: Se seleccionaron 12 tríadas de voluntarios. Se tomaron muestras de orina para determinar el nivel del cortisol urinario como indicador de estrés y el Inventario de Ansiedad Rasgo-Estado se aplicó en todos los sujetos en la primera medición previa a la cirugía.  Resultados: El análisis estadístico indicó que los niveles urinarios más altos de cortisol correspondieron a los cirujanos y no hubo diferencias entre los camilleros y los pacientes. Mientras que no hubo diferencias en los puntajes de IDARE-Estado (que evalúa el nivel de ansiedad en respuesta a alguna contingencia) entre los tres grupos experimentales, el menor puntaje de la escala IDARE-Rasgo (que evalúa la ansiedad como rasgo de personalidad) se encontró en los cirujanos.  Conclusiones: Lo que estos datos indican es que el grupo de cirujanos a través de sus años de ejercicio profesional ha desarrollado cierto grado de resiliencia a la ansiedad percibida, lo que no impide que sus marcadores bioquímicos de ansiedad se encuentren elevados. Por lo que es recomendable la instrumentación de procedimientos encaminados a reducir la ansiedad (aunque no manifiesta) en este grupo de profesionales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surgeons]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stretcher-bearers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stress]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urinary cortisol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Anxiety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cirujanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Camilleros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cirugía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estrés]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cortisol urinario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ansiedad]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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