Degradation study of poly(lactic-L(+)-co-glycolic acid) in chloroform

Estudio de la degradación de poli(ácido-l(+)-láctico-co-glicólico) en cloroformo

C. Rueda¹, I. Vallejo¹, M. Corea¹*, E. G. Palacios¹, I. Chairez²

¹ Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ESIQIE, UPALM, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, México D.F, C.P. 07738. * Autor para la correspondencia. E-mail: mcoreat@yahoo.com.mx Tel. 55-57-29-6000, Ext 55264.

² Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPIBI, Av. Acueducto S/N. Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Gustavo A. Madero, México D.F. C.P. 07430.

Recibido 16 de Abril, 2014;
Aceptado 15 de Julio, 2015.

Abstract

Polymer/solvent interaction has been of great interest in many fields, such as scaffold processing, polymer recycling and drug delivery system (DDS), among others. It has been reported that the effect of solvent on polymers could determine the final physical and chemical properties in specific applications. Thus, this article describes a degradation study of poly(lactic-L(+)-co-glycolic acid), or PLGA, in the presence of chloroform. The PLGA polymer was synthetized by ring opening polymerization (ROP). Five lactic/glycolic acid volumetric ratios (90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50) were used to prepare PLGA. Copolymers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and static light scattering (SLS). Copolymer degradation was induced using chloroform as the solvent. FTIR was used to follow variations on the functional groups of copolymers during the PLGA degradation process. The study was conducted using the evidence provided from the modifications of OH wavelength bands (3000-3500 cm^-1) obtained from FTIR. A viable reaction scheme to explain the degradation of the copolymer was developed based on the monomolecular constant reaction rates generated by the decomposition dynamic of OH groups.

Keywords: poly(lactic-L(+)-co-glycolic acid), kinetic study, chloroform, degradation, biopolymers.

Resumen

La interacción polímero/solvente es de mucho interés en diversas áreas, como la ingeniería de tejidos, el reciclado de plásticos y la industria de los sistemas de liberación de fármacos, entre otras. Se ha reportado que el efecto del solvente sobre los polímeros puede determinar las propiedades físicas y químicas en aplicaciones específicas. Así, este artículo describe un estudio sobre la degradación del poli(ácido-L(+)-láctico-co-glicólico), PLGA, usando cloroformo como medio de degradación. El PLGA se sintetizó por polimerización por apertura de cadena en 5 relaciones volumétricas de ácido láctico/glicólico (90/10, 80/20, 70/330, 60/40, 50/50). Estos co-polímeros se caracterizaron usando microscopía electrónica de barrido, calorimetría diferencial de barrido, espectroscopia de infrarrojo por trasformada de Fourier y dispersión estática de luz. En la degradación se utilizó cloroformo como solvente, en donde las variaciones de los grupos funcionales se analizaron mediante espectroscopia de infrarrojo. El estudio se realizó a partir de la evidencia proporcionada por las modificaciones de las bandas características de los grupos OH (3000-3500 cm^-1). Con estos resultados se propuso un esquema de reacción de PLGA, basado en las constantes cinéticas de degradación uni-moleculares, obtenidas en la dinámica de descomposición de los grupos OH.

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