Evaluación de coeficientes volumétricos de transferencia de hidrocarburos poliaromáticos y oxígeno en sistemas multifásicos (líquido-líquido y líquido-líquido-gas): efecto de la carga volumétrica de solventes biocompatibles

Evaluation of polyaromatic hydrocarbon and oxygen volumetric transfer coefficient on multi-phase system (liquid-liquid and liquid-liquid-gas): biocompatible solvent charge effect

A. Jiménez-González, V. Vargas-García, M.A Lizardi-Jiménez*, S.A. Medina-Moreno

Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Municipio de Zempoala Hidalgo. * Autor para la correspondencia. E-mail: chamarripas@yahoo.com.mx.

Resumen

En el presente trabajo, se determinaron en un sistema de tanque agitado con las fases inmiscibles aceite de silicón y heptametilnonano, los coeficientes volumétricos de transferencia de masa (K_La_H) de naftaleno y fenantreno (sistema líquido-líquido). Los valores de K_La_H se correlacionaron con el número de Reynolds (N_Re) y se observó que en el sistema de agitación utilizado, el K_La_H es independiente de la hidrodinámica del sistema para N_Re ≥ 17,000. Los K_La_H alcanzados fueron de 52 y 44 h^-1 para naftaleno y de 69 y 62 h^-1 para fenantreno, con aceite de silicón y heptametilnonano respectivamente. También, se evaluó el efecto de la carga volumétrica de las fases inmiscibles en el coeficiente volumétrico de transferencia de oxígeno (K_La) para el mismo sistema de tanque agitado con aireación (sistema líquido-líquido-gas). La adición de cada solvente, condujo a una fuerte disminución en el K_La, incrementándose este efecto con el aumento de la carga volumétrica de los solventes. El K_La decreció de un máximo de 49 h^-1 en un medio sin solvente, hasta mínimos de 22 h^-1 con aceite de silicón y 7 h^-1 con heptametilnonano, teniéndose en ambos casos una carga volumétrica del 5%. La disminución en el K_La, se asoció a un efecto negativo de las viscosidades dinámica y cinemática de los solventes sobre: la difusividad del oxígeno, el espesor de la capa límite y el área específica interfacial de las burbujas de aire.

Palabras clave: naftaleno, fenantreno, coeficientes volumétricos de transferencia de masa, aceite de silicón, heptametilnonano.

Abstract

In this work were determined in a stirred tank system with the phases non-miscible silicon oil and heptamethylnonane, the mass transfer volumetric coefficient (K_La_H) of naphthalene and phenanthrene (liquid-liquid system). The K_La_H values were correlated with the Reynolds number, observing that K_La_H let of be a function of the Reynols for values N_Re ≥ 17,000. The values reached of K_La_H were 52 and 44 h^-1 for naphthalene and 69 and 62 h^-1 for phenanthrene both with silicon oil and heptamethylnonane respectively. Also was evaluated the volumetric charge effect of the non-miscible solvents, in the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (K_La) for the same stirred tank system with aeration (liquid-liquid-gas system). The addition of each one of the solvents led to strong decrease of the K_La, being more marked the effect with the increase in the volumetric charge of the solvents. The K_La in the aqueous medium without solvent decreased of a maximum of 49 h^-1 up to minimums of 22 h^-1 with oil silicon and 7 h^-1 with heptamethylnonane, in both cases with a volumetric charge of 5% of each solvent. The decrease in the K_La was probably due to a negative effect of the dynamic and kinematic viscosities of both solvents over: the oxygen diffusivity, thickness of the boundary layer and the specific interfacial area of the bubbles air.

Keywords: naphthalene, phenanthrene, volumetric mass transfer coefficients, silicone oil, heptamethylnonane.

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