<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-2738</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ingeniería química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mex. Ing. Quím]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-2738</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-27382015000100010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Comparación de ensayos de lixiviación estáticos de elementos tóxicos en residuos mineros]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparison of static leaching essays of toxic elements in tailings]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Arreola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soriano-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-Vélez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cano-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonso-Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Luis Potosí ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guanajuato División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Departamento de Ingeniería Química]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guanajuato ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>109</fpage>
<lpage>117</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-27382015000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-27382015000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-27382015000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[La minería es una de las principales actividades económicas en México, sin embargo, la explotación de minerales es sumamente grande y esto conlleva a una gran generación de residuos acumulados en el territorio nacional sin ningún control. En este estudio se utilizaron jales históricos de los poblados de Monte de San Nicolás y Peregrina ubicados en el distrito minero de Guanajuato, con los cuales se realizaron ensayos de lixiviación estáticos con tres metodologías: El procedimiento de extracción de constituyentes tóxicos (PECT) descrito por la NOM-053-SEMARNAT-1993 que utiliza ácido acético como extractante, el método de la NOM-141-SEMARNAT-2003 el cual utiliza agua acidificada con CO2 y el metodo SPLP (Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure) 1312 que utiliza un extractante que simula lluvia ácida. Los elementos estudiados fueron: As, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cd y Cr, de acuerdo al análisis de varianza existen diferencias significativas entre los métodos estudiados. La liberación de Pb y Zn en los residuos esta en función del pH del extractante, la de As, Zn, Cd y Cr dependen del grado de adsorción a los óxidos de manganeso y aluminio. Para todos los elementos estudiados la liberación fue mayor con el extracto PECT, influenciada por la acidez y el ligando orgánico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Mining is still one of the main economic activities in Mexico. However, mineral exploitation is extensive, leading to a considerable generation of waste that has accumulated without any control. The present study used historical tailings from Guanajuato mining district, in the town, of Monte San Nicolas and Peregrina. Batch leaching tests were performed with three different methodologies: PECT method (extraction procedure toxic constituents) described in the NOM-053-SEMARNAT-1993, the NOM-141-SEMARNAT-2003 (CO2 acidified water) and the SPLP (Synthetic Precipitation leaching Procedure) 1312 (EPA, 1989). The elements studied were: As, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cd and Cr. According to variance analysis, there were significant differences between the types of extractant. The results show that the release of Pb and Zn in the waste is a function of the pH of the extractant. The release for As, Zn, Cd and Cr depend on the degree of adsorption to manganese and aluminum oxides. For all elements studied the release was greater with the TCLP extract, influenced by the acidity and the organic ligand.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lixiviación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[residuos mineros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[jales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ensayos de lixiviación estáticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[leaching]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[waste mining]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[metals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tailing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[static leaching test]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Ingenier&iacute;a ambiental</font></p>  	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Comparaci&oacute;n de ensayos de lixiviaci&oacute;n est&aacute;ticos de elementos t&oacute;xicos en residuos mineros</b></font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b>Comparison of static leaching essays of toxic elements in tailings</b></font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>M.E. Garc&iacute;a&#45;Arreola<sup>1</sup>*, S.H. Soriano&#45;P&eacute;rez<sup>1</sup>, L.M. Flores&#45;V&eacute;lez<sup>1</sup>, I. Cano&#45;Rodr&iacute;guez<sup>2</sup> y P.A. Alonso&#45;D&aacute;vila<sup>1</sup></b><sup></sup></font></p>     <p align="center">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup> Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Qu&iacute;micas, Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de San Luis Potos&iacute;. Manuel Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria Poniente, 78210 San Luis Potos&iacute;, S.L.P. </i>*Autora para la correspondencia. E&#45;mail: <a href="mailto:maria.garcia@uaslp.mx">maria.garcia@uaslp.mx</a>, Tel. (52)444 8262330</font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2 </sup>Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a Qu&iacute;mica, Divisi&oacute;n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N 36050, Guanajuato, Gto.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido 27 de Mayo 2014    <br> Aceptado 23 de Octubre de 2014</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">La miner&iacute;a es una de las principales actividades econ&oacute;micas en M&eacute;xico, sin embargo, la explotaci&oacute;n de minerales es sumamente grande y esto conlleva a una gran generaci&oacute;n de residuos acumulados en el territorio nacional sin ning&uacute;n control. En este estudio se utilizaron jales hist&oacute;ricos de los poblados de Monte de San Nicol&aacute;s y Peregrina ubicados en el distrito minero de Guanajuato, con los cuales se realizaron ensayos de lixiviaci&oacute;n est&aacute;ticos con tres metodolog&iacute;as: El procedimiento de extracci&oacute;n de constituyentes t&oacute;xicos (PECT) descrito por la NOM&#45;053&#45;SEMARNAT&#45;1993 que utiliza &aacute;cido ac&eacute;tico como extractante, el m&eacute;todo de la NOM&#45;141&#45;SEMARNAT&#45;2003 el cual utiliza agua acidificada con CO<sub>2</sub> y el metodo SPLP (Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure) 1312 que utiliza un extractante que simula lluvia &aacute;cida. Los elementos estudiados fueron: As, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cd y Cr, de acuerdo al an&aacute;lisis de varianza existen diferencias significativas entre los m&eacute;todos estudiados. La liberaci&oacute;n de Pb y Zn en los residuos esta en funci&oacute;n del pH del extractante, la de As, Zn, Cd y Cr dependen del grado de adsorci&oacute;n a los &oacute;xidos de manganeso y aluminio. Para todos los elementos estudiados la liberaci&oacute;n fue mayor con el extracto PECT, influenciada por la acidez y el ligando org&aacute;nico.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> lixiviaci&oacute;n, residuos mineros, metales, jales, ensayos de lixiviaci&oacute;n est&aacute;ticos. </font></p> 	    <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Mining is still one of the main economic activities in Mexico. However, mineral exploitation is extensive, leading to a considerable generation of waste that has accumulated without any control. The present study used historical tailings from Guanajuato mining district, in the town, of Monte San Nicolas and Peregrina. Batch leaching tests were performed with three different methodologies: PECT method (extraction procedure toxic constituents) described in the NOM&#45;053&#45;SEMARNAT&#45;1993, the NOM&#45;141&#45;SEMARNAT&#45;2003 (CO<sub>2</sub> acidified water) and the SPLP (Synthetic Precipitation leaching Procedure) 1312 (EPA, 1989). The elements studied were: As, Pb, Mn, Zn, Cd and Cr. According to variance analysis, there were significant differences between the types of extractant. The results show that the release of Pb and Zn in the waste is a function of the pH of the extractant. The release for As, Zn, Cd and Cr depend on the degree of adsorption to manganese and aluminum oxides. For all elements studied the release was greater with the TCLP extract, influenced by the acidity and the organic ligand.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Key words:</b> leaching, waste mining, metals, tailing, static leaching test.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="../pdf/rmiq/v14n1/v14n1a10.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p> 	      <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">El primer autor agradece el apoyo al Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog&iacute;a (CONACYT) por la beca No. 165201 otorgada para cursar el doctorado en Ciencias Qu&iacute;micas dentro del programa de doctorado de la Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de San Luis Potos&iacute;. Agradecimiento al M. en C. Marcos Loredo Tov&iacute;as por el apoyo en el an&aacute;lisis de elementos totales.</font></p>     <p align="justify">&nbsp;</p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">CAMIMEX. (2010). C&aacute;mara Minera de M&eacute;xico. Informe Anual 2010. LXXIII Asamblea General Ordinaria.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8625886&pid=S1665-2738201500010001000001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>  	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Catalan, Lionel J. J. y Yin, Cuohong. (2003). 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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Zomeren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seignette]]></surname>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dijkstra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Comans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.N.J.]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meeussen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.c.L.]]></given-names>
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<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kosson]]></surname>
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<surname><![CDATA[Hjelmar]]></surname>
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<source><![CDATA[Evaluation of environmental aspects of alternative materials using an integrated approach assisted by a database/expert system. To be published in the proceedings of the International Symposium]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Dundee ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Advances in Waste Management and Recycling]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
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</back>
</article>
