Caracterización estructural y textural de una haloisita colombiana

Structural and textural characterization of a colombian halloysite

A.M. Carrillo, C.M. Urruchurto, J.G. Carriazo¹*, S. Moreno, R.A. Molina

Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá. Ciudad Universitaria, Carrera 30, N^o 45-03, Bogotá, D. C. (Colombia). *Autor para la correspondencia. E-mail: jcarriazog@unal.edu.co.

Resumen

El presente trabajo muestra la caracterización de una arcilla natural con potencialidad para ser usada en la preparación de nuevos materiales de interés tecnológico. El mineral en estudio se analizó mediante fluorescencia de rayos X (FRX), difracción de rayos X (DRX), análisis térmico, microscopía electrónica (SEM y TEM) y espectroscopia IR, entre otras técnicas usadas. Los resultados indicaron que el material caracterizado es una arcilla tipo 1:1, mineralógicamente clasificado como meta-haloisita. Los análisis de fluorescencia (FRX) y difracción (DRX) mostraron los perfiles de composición y estructura de un mineral de gran interés científico y tecnológico debido a la ausencia de contaminantes en cantidades apreciables. El análisis por microscopía de transmisión (TEM) mostró la formación de nanotubos de 80 a 600 nm de longitud y la adsorción de nitrógeno indicó que el sólido es mesoporoso con área superficial de 43 m²/g.

Palabras clave: arcilla natural, mineral de arcilla, haloisita, nanotubos, nanotubos inorgánicos, soporte catalítico.

Abstract

This study reports the characterization of a natural clay with potential use for the preparation of new materials for technological applications. This material was analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis, electron microscopy (SEM-TEM), and IR-spectroscopy among others. The results indicated that the studied mineral is a clay type 1:1, mineralogically classified as meta-halloysite. XRF and XRD showed composition and structure profiles of a scientifically and technologically valuable mineral due to the absence of contaminants in significant quantities. TEM analysis revealed halloysite nanotubes with 80 to 600 nm of length, and the nitrogen adsorption showed a mesoporous solid with specific surface area of 43 m²/g.

Keywords: natural clay, clay mineral, halloysite, nanotubes, inorganic nanotubes, catalytic support.

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