Modelling of a fixed bed adsorber based on an isotherm model or an apparent kinetic model
Modelado de un adsorbedor de lecho fijo basado en un modelo de isoterma o un modelo cinético aparente
G. Che-Galicia, C. Martínez-Vera, R.S. Ruiz-Martínez* and C.O. Castillo-Araiza*
Grupo de Procesos de Transporte y Reacción en Sistemas Multifásicos, Depto. de IPH, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, CP. 09340, México D.F., México. *Corresponding author. E-mail: rmr@xanum.uam (R.S.R.M.); coca@xanum.uam.mx (C.O.C.A.)
]]> Received March 5, 2014.
Abstract
Isotherm model and apparent kinetic model are simple approaches, which are indistinctly used to predict the kinetic behaviour of the adsorption phenomena. The main objective in this work was to elucidate when these approaches should be coupled to a pseudo-heterogeneous fixed-bed adsorber model to describe reliable breakthrough curves when experimental data at industrial scale are not available. To achieve this, an adsorption column packed with a low-cost natural zeolite was modelled for the removal of Rhodamine B (RhB). To have certainty in the model predictions, equilibrium and kinetic experiments were carried out. Freundlich isotherm model and a pseudo second order apparent kinetic model accounting for diffusion phenomena led to the most adequate fit to experimental data. Experimental and simulations results indicated that the use of an isotherm model (LDF-M) or an apparent kinetic model (AkA-M) in the packed bed adsorbed model predicted similar tendencies regarding the effect on the breakthrough point of the different parameters considered. Nevertheless, the shapes of the breakthrough curves predicted by both models were significantly different, suggesting that an apparent kinetic model is necessary to have reliable prediction of the industrial behaviour of this studied zeolite since intraparticle mass transport resistances are significant.
Keywords: packed bed adsorber, breakthrough curves, adsorption kinetics, isotherm model, apparent kinetic model.
Resumen
Los modelos de isotermas y de cinética aparentes de adsorción son aproximaciones indistintamente utilizadas para describir el comportamiento de un determinado adsorbato-adsorbente. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue elucidar cuando estas aproximaciones deben ser acopladas a un modelo pseudo-heterogéneo de un adsorbedor de lecho fijo para describir curvas de ruptura confiables cuando no existen datos experimentales a escala industrial. Para lograr esto, se modeló una columna de adsorción empacada con una zeolita natural de bajo costo que no ha sido estudiada previamente para la remoción de Rodamina B (RhB). Para tener certidumbre en las predicciones del modelo, se llevaron a cabo experimentos de equilibrio y cinéticos. El modelo de la isoterma de Freundlich y un modelo cinético aparente de pseudo segundo orden que considera los fenómenos de difusión presentaron el mejor ajuste a los datos experimentales. Los resultados experimentales y las simulaciones indicaron que el modelado de un adsorbedor de lecho empacado con un modelo de isoterma (LDF-M) o un modelo cinético aparente (AkA-M), predice tendencias similares en relación con el efecto en el punto de ruptura de los diferentes parámetros considerados. Sin embargo, las formas de las curvas de ruptura predichas por ambos modelos fueron significativamente diferentes, lo que sugiere la necesidad de un modelo cinético aparente para describir el comportamiento industrial de esta zeolita debido a que las resistencias al transporte de masa por difusión en el adsorbente son significativas.
Palabras clave: adsorbedor de lecho empacado, curvas de ruptura, cinética de adsorción, modelo de isoterma, modelo cinético aparente.
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