<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-2738</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ingeniería química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mex. Ing. Quím]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-2738</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-27382009000100009</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de un humedal artificial de flujo vertical intermitente, para obtener agua de buena calidad para la acuicultura]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evaluation of an intermittent artificial vertical flow wetland, to obtain good quality water for aquaculture]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna-Pabello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arredondo-Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Química Departamento de Biología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D. F.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Departamento de Hidrobiología Planta Experimental de Producción Acuática]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D. F.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>93</fpage>
<lpage>99</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-27382009000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-27382009000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-27382009000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[La baja calidad del agua en cuerpos acuáticos epicontinentales podría ocasionar riesgos en las especies acuáticas, especialmente en las de tipo endémico, que son menos tolerantes a la presencia de determinados contaminantes. En este documento, se presentan los resultados obtenidos en un humedal artificial (HA), acoplado a un filtro de pulimento (FP), diseñado para obtener agua apta para la preservación de vida acuática silvestre. El HA tiene una superficie de 55 m² y se alimenta con un flujo vertical intermitente, repartido en 4 dosificaciones diarias de 1,000 L cada una, equivalentes a una carga hidráulica superficial (CHS) de 72 mm³/mm² d. La finalidad del HA es la de remover materia orgánica carbonosa, nitrógeno y fósforo. El FP, tiene una superficie de 1.8 m² y se instaló con el objeto de promover el proceso de desnitrificación y alcanzar una mayor eliminación de PO4(3-). Durante 12 meses de operación, se logró una reducción global de hasta 92% de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), 85% de N-NH4 y 80% de PO4(3-). La calidad final del agua obtenida por este sistema puede ser considerada como buena para propósitos de acuicultura.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[An inadequate water quality in epicontinental waterbodies could provoke risks on aquatic species especially in the endemic species that are less tolerant to several kinds of pollutants. In this paper the results of artificial wetland (AW) with a puliment filter (PF) to obtain a good water quality for aquaculture activities are presented. An AW of 55 m² was connected to an intermitent vertical flow, with four doses daily of 1,000 L of water, that is equivalent to 72 mm³/mm² day of superficial hydraulic charge (SHC). The finality of this AW, was to remove organic material, nitrogen and phosphorous. A PF of 1.8 m² was installed in order to eliminate PO4(3-). During 12 months of operation, the total remotion reached 92% of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 85% of N-NH4 and 80% of PO4(3-). The final water quality obtained in this system can be considered good for aquaculture purposes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[humedales artificiales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nitrógeno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ortofosfatos solubles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[protección de vida silvestre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[artificial wetlands]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nitrogen]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[orthophosphates]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[wild life protection]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Ingenier&iacute;a ambiental</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Evaluaci&oacute;n de un humedal artificial de flujo vertical intermitente, para obtener agua de buena calidad para la acuicultura</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b>Evaluation of an intermittent artificial vertical flow wetland, to obtain good quality water for aquaculture</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>H. F. Ram&iacute;rez&#150;Carrillo<sup>1</sup>*, V. M. Luna&#150;Pabello<sup>1</sup> y J. L. Arredondo&#150;Figueroa<sup>2</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup> Laboratorio de Microbiolog&iacute;a Experimental, Departamento de Biolog&iacute;a, Facultad de Qu&iacute;mica, Universidad Nacional Aut&oacute;noma de M&eacute;xico. Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoac&aacute;n, 04510. M&eacute;xico D. F. *Autor para la correspondencia: E</i>&#150;<i>mail: </i><a href="mailto:hector.ramirez@correo.unam.mx">hector.ramirez@correo.unam.mx</a><i> Tel. (fax): (55)</i>&#150;<i>56</i>&#150;<i>22</i>&#150;<i>37</i>&#150;<i>63</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2</sup> Planta Experimental de Producci&oacute;n Acu&aacute;tica. Departamento de Hidrobiolog&iacute;a. Universidad Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana, Plantel lztapalapa. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina, Delegaci&oacute;n lztapalapa, M&eacute;xico D. F. 04455.</i></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido 9 de Octubre 2008    <br> Aceptado 2 de Febrero 2009</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">La baja calidad del agua en cuerpos acu&aacute;ticos epicontinentales podr&iacute;a ocasionar riesgos en las especies acu&aacute;ticas, especialmente en las de tipo end&eacute;mico, que son menos tolerantes a la presencia de determinados contaminantes. En este documento, se presentan los resultados obtenidos en un humedal artificial (HA), acoplado a un filtro de pulimento (FP), dise&ntilde;ado para obtener agua apta para la preservaci&oacute;n de vida acu&aacute;tica silvestre. El HA tiene una superficie de 55 m<sup>2</sup> y se alimenta con un flujo vertical intermitente, repartido en 4 dosificaciones diarias de 1,000 L cada una, equivalentes a una carga hidr&aacute;ulica superficial (CHS) de 72 mm<sup>3</sup>/mm<sup>2</sup> d. La finalidad del HA es la de remover materia org&aacute;nica carbonosa, nitr&oacute;geno y f&oacute;sforo. El FP, tiene una superficie de 1.8 m<sup>2</sup> y se instal&oacute; con el objeto de promover el proceso de desnitrificaci&oacute;n y alcanzar una mayor eliminaci&oacute;n de PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3&#150;</sup>. Durante 12 meses de operaci&oacute;n, se logr&oacute; una reducci&oacute;n global de hasta 92% de la demanda qu&iacute;mica de ox&iacute;geno (DQO), 85% de N&#150;NH<sub>4 </sub>y 80% de PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3&#150;</sup>. La calidad final del agua obtenida por este sistema puede ser considerada como buena para prop&oacute;sitos de acuicultura.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave: </b>humedales artificiales, nitr&oacute;geno, ortofosfatos solubles, protecci&oacute;n de vida silvestre.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">An inadequate water quality in epicontinental waterbodies could provoke risks on aquatic species especially in the endemic species that are less tolerant to several kinds of pollutants. In this paper the results of artificial wetland (AW) with a puliment filter (PF) to obtain a good water quality for aquaculture activities are presented. An AW of 55 m<sup>2</sup> was connected to an intermitent vertical flow, with four doses daily of 1,000 L of water, that is equivalent to 72 mm<sup>3</sup>/mm<sup>2</sup> day of superficial hydraulic charge (SHC). The finality of this AW, was to remove organic material, nitrogen and phosphorous. A PF of 1.8 m<sup>2</sup> was installed in order to eliminate PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3&#150;</sup>. During 12 months of operation, the total remotion reached 92% of chemical oxygen demand (COD), 85% of N&#150;NH4 and 80% of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3&#150;</sup>. The final water quality obtained in this system can be considered good for aquaculture purposes. </font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>artificial wetlands, nitrogen, orthophosphates, wild life protection.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmiq/v8n1/v8n1a9.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Este trabajo forma parte de la tesis de Doctorado de Ciencias Biol&oacute;gicas, adscrita a la Divisi&oacute;n de Ciencias Biol&oacute;gicas y de Salud, de la Universidad Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana, de HFRC, alumno becario del CONACYT. La realizaci&oacute;n de la investigaci&oacute;n cont&oacute; con el financiamiento de los proyectos PAPIIT Clave IN 215006, PAPIME Clave PE 205706 y PAIP 6190&#150;14 (VMLP) otorgados durante los a&ntilde;os 2007 y 2008.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">APHA. (1998). <i>Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater analysis. </i>American Public Health Association. AWWA and WPFC, Washington D.C., 2112 p.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536552&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Arias, C.A. y Brix, H. (2005). Phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands: can suitable alternative media be identified? <i>Water Science and Technology 51(9), </i>267&#150;273.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536554&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Beavers, P.D. y Tully, I.K. (2005). Nutrient reduction evaluation of sewage effluent treatment options for small communities. <i>Water Science and Technology 51</i>(10), 221&#150;229.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536556&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Boj&oacute;rquez, C.L. y Amaro, E.J. (2003). Caracterizaci&oacute;n m&uacute;ltiple de la calidad del agua de los canales de Xochimilco. En: Stephan&#150;Otto, E. (ed.). <i>El Agua en la Cuenca de M&eacute;xico. Sus problemas hist&oacute;ricos y perspectivas de soluci&oacute;n. </i>UAM&#150;Xochimilco &#150;Patronato del Parque Ecol&oacute;gico de Xochimilco A.C. M&eacute;xico, Pp. 281&#150;302.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536558&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Braskerud, B.C. (2002). Factors affecting nitrogen retention in small constructed wetlands treating agricultural non&#150;point source pollution. <i>Ecological Engineering 18, </i>351&#150;370.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536560&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Burrell P.C., Keller J. y Blackall, J. (1998). Microbiology of a nitrite oxiding bioreactor. <i>Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64(5), </i>1878&#150;1883.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536562&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Drizo, A., Frost, A.C., Smith, K.A. y Grace, J. (2000). Phosphate and ammonium distribution in constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow, using shale as a substrate. <i>Water Research 34 </i>(9), 2483&#150;2490.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536564&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">EEA. (2000). Nutrients in European ecosystems. Environmental Assessment Report No 4. European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536566&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Gottschall, N., Boutin, C., Crolla A., Kinsley, C. y Champagne, P. (2007). The role of plants in the removal of nutrients at a constructed wetlands treating agricultural (dairy) wastewater, Ontario, Canada. <i>Ecological Engineering 29, </i>154&#150;163.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536568&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Kuschk, P., Wiebner, U., Weibbrodt, F., Kastner, M. y Stottmeister, U. (2003). Annual cycle of nitrogen flow in a constructed wetland under moderate climate. <i>Water Research 37, </i>4236&#150;4242.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536570&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Langergraber, G., Leroch, K., Pressl, A., Rohrhofer, R., y Haberl, R. (2008). A two&#150;stage subsurface vertical flow constructed wetland for high&#150;rate nitrogen removal. <i>Water Science and Technology </i>57(12), 1881&#150;1887.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536572&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Legorreta, J. (2006). <i>El agua y la ciudad de M&eacute;xico. De Tenochtitl&aacute;n a la megal&oacute;polis del Siglo XXI. </i>Universidad Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana, Azcapotzalco. M&eacute;xico. 359 p.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536574&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Luna Pabello V.M. y Ram&iacute;rez Carrillo H.F. (2004). Medios de soporte alternativos para la remoci&oacute;n de f&oacute;sforo en humedales artificiales. <i>Revista Internacional de Contaminaci&oacute;n Ambiental </i>20(001), 31&#150;38.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536576&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Mander, &Uuml;., Teiter, S. y Augustin, J. (2003). Nitrous oxide, dinitrogen and methane emission in a subsurface flow constructed wetland. <i>Water Science and Technology 48</i>(5), 135&#150;142.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536578&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">NOM&#150;001&#150;SEMARNAT&#150;1996, <i>que establece los l&iacute;mites m&aacute;ximos permisibles de contaminantes en las descargas de aguas residuales en aguas y bienes nacionales. </i>Diario Oficial de la Federaci&oacute;n, 6 de enero de 1997. M&eacute;xico, D.F.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536580&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> </font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">NOM&#150;059&#150;SEMARNAT&#150;2001. Protecci&oacute;n ambiental&#150;especies nativas de M&eacute;xico de flora y fauna silvestres&#150;categor&iacute;as de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusi&oacute;n, exclusi&oacute;n o cambio&#150;lista de especies en riesgo. Diario Oficial de la Federaci&oacute;n, 6 de Marzo de 2002. M&eacute;xico, D.F.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536582&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Sawaittayothin, V. y Polprasert, C. (2007). Nitrogen mass balance and microbial analysis of constructed wetlands treating municipal landfill leachate. <i>Bioresource Technology 98, </i>565&#150;570.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536584&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Tanner, C.C. y Kadlec, R.H. (2003). Oxygen flux implications of observed nitrogen removal rates in subsurface&#150;flow treatment wetlands. <i>Water Science and Technology 48</i>(5), 191&#150;198.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536586&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Westholm, L.J. (2006). Substrates for phosphorus removal&#150;potential benefits for on&#150;site wastewater treatment? <i>Water Research 40, </i>23&#150;36.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8536588&pid=S1665-2738200900010000900019&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></font></p>      ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>APHA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater analysis]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[^eWashington D.C. Washington D.C.]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Public Health Association]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands: can suitable alternative media be identified?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Science and Technology]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>267-273</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beavers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tully]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nutrient reduction evaluation of sewage effluent treatment options for small communities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Science and Technology]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>221-229</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bojórquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caracterización múltiple de la calidad del agua de los canales de Xochimilco]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stephan-Otto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Agua en la Cuenca de México. Sus problemas históricos y perspectivas de solución]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>281-302</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[UAM-Xochimilco -Patronato del Parque Ecológico de Xochimilco A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braskerud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Factors affecting nitrogen retention in small constructed wetlands treating agricultural non-point source pollution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecological Engineering]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>351-370</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blackall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Microbiology of a nitrite oxiding bioreactor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Microbiology]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1878-1883</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drizo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Phosphate and ammonium distribution in constructed wetlands with horizontal subsurface flow, using shale as a substrate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Research]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>2483-2490</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>EEA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Nutrients in European ecosystems. Environmental Assessment Report No 4.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Copenhagen ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[European Environment Agency]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gottschall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boutin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crolla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinsley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Champagne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The role of plants in the removal of nutrients at a constructed wetlands treating agricultural (dairy) wastewater, Ontario, Canada]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecological Engineering]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>154-163</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuschk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wiebner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weibbrodt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kastner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stottmeister]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Annual cycle of nitrogen flow in a constructed wetland under moderate climate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Research]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>4236-4242</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langergraber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leroch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pressl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rohrhofer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haberl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A two-stage subsurface vertical flow constructed wetland for high-rate nitrogen removal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Science and Technology]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1881-1887</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Legorreta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El agua y la ciudad de México. De Tenochtitlán a la megalópolis del Siglo XXI]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<page-range>359</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Azcapotzalco.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna Pabello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>001</numero>
<issue>001</issue>
<page-range>31-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ü]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teiter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Augustin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nitrous oxide, dinitrogen and methane emission in a subsurface flow constructed wetland]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Science and Technology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>135-142</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996, que establece los límites máximos permisibles de contaminantes en las descargas de aguas residuales en aguas y bienes nacionales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diario Oficial de la Federación]]></source>
<year>6 de</year>
<month> e</month>
<day>ne</day>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México^eD.F. D.F.]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2001. Protección ambiental-especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-lista de especies en riesgo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diario Oficial de la Federación]]></source>
<year>6 de</year>
<month> M</month>
<day>ar</day>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México^eD.F. D.F.]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sawaittayothin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polprasert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nitrogen mass balance and microbial analysis of constructed wetlands treating municipal landfill leachate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bioresource Technology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<page-range>565-570</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kadlec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Oxygen flux implications of observed nitrogen removal rates in subsurface-flow treatment wetlands]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Science and Technology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>191-198</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Westholm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Substrates for phosphorus removal-potential benefits for on-site wastewater treatment?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Research]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>23-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
