L–arabinose production by hidrolysis of mesquite gum by a crude extract with α–L–arabinofuranosidase activity from Aspergillus niger

Producción de L–arabinosa a partir de la hidrólisis de la goma de mezquite por un extracto crudo con actividad α–L–arabinofuranosidasa de Aspergillus niger

J. M. Loeza–Corte¹, J. R. Verde–Calvo¹, F. Cruz–Sosa¹, E. J. Vernon–Carter² and S. Huerta–Ochoa^1*

¹ Planta Piloto de Fermentaciones, Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa. San Rafael Atlixco 186 Col. Vicentina, C.P. 09340, México D.F., México. * Corresponding author: E–mail: sho@xanum.uam.mx Phone (+52) 5558044999, fax: (+52) 5558044712

² Laboratorio de Bioprocesos, Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa. San Rafael Atlixco 186 Col. Vicentina. C.P. 09340, México D.F., México.

Received 25^th, April 2007
Accepted 11^th, October 2007

Abstract

A crude enzymatic extract from Aspergillus niger 10 with α–L–arabinofuranosidase activity (EC 3.2.1.55) was obtained and its effect on the hydrolysis of mesquite gum was determined and compared to that of a commercial α–L–arabinofuranosidase from A. niger. The growth parameters of A. niger 10 obtained were X_max = 3.03 g L^–1 and μ_max = 0.07 h^–1. The maximum enzymatic activity obtained was 65.93 U L^–1. Optimum temperature and activation energy for the crude extract were 50°C and 46.15 KJ mol^–1 and for the commercial enzyme 40 °C and 52.76 KJ mol^–1, respectively. The apparent kinetic parameters K_m and V_max for the crude extract were 4.87 g L^–1 and 0.15 μmol min^–1 g^–1, and for the commercial enzyme 76.45 g L^–1 and 3.85 /mol min^–1 g^–1, respectively. Yields of L–arabinose recovery for the crude extract and the commercial enzyme were 17.04 % and 2.78 %, respectively, based on the reported average content of L–arabinose in mesquite gum.

Keywords: α–L–arabinofuranosidase, Aspergillus niger, mesquite gum, L–arabinose, enzymatic hydrolysis.

Resumen

Se obtuvo un extracto enzimático crudo a partir de Aspergillus niger 10 con actividad α–L–arabinofuranosidasa (EC 3.2.1.55) y fue comparado con una α–L–arabinofuranosidasa comercial sobre la hidrólisis enzimática de la goma de mezquite. Los parámetros de crecimiento obtenidos para A. niger 10 fueron: X_max = 3.03 g L^–1 y μ_max = 0.07 h^–1. La máxima actividad enzimática obtenida fue 65.93 U L^–1. La temperatura óptima y energía de activación para el extracto crudo fueron de 50°C y 46.15 KJ mol^–1, mientras que para la enzima comercial fueron de 40°C y 52.76 KJ mol^–1. Los parámetros cinéticos de la hidrólisis K_m–app y V_max–app con el extracto crudo fueron de 4.87 g L^– y 0.15 /mol min^–1 g^–1, y para la enzima comercial fueron de 76.45 g L^–1 y 3.85 μmol min^–1 g^–1, respectivamente. Los rendimientos de L–arabinosa con el extracto crudo y la enzima comercial fueron de 17.04 % y 2.78 %, respectivamente, basados en lo reportado para el contenido promedio de L–arabinosa en la goma de mezquite.

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