<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-2037</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Política y gobierno]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Polít. gob]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-2037</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas A.C., División de Estudios Políticos]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-20372019000100117</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La vicepresidencia y los problemas de la sucesión presidencial en América Latina. Viejos y nuevos retos para el presidencialismo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Vice Presidency and the Problems of Presidential Succession in Latin America: Old and New Challenges to Presidentialism]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universitetet i Bergen Departamento de Política Comparada ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bergen ]]></addr-line>
<country>Norway</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>117</fpage>
<lpage>137</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-20372019000100117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-20372019000100117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-20372019000100117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Luego de que el vicepresidente Temer apoyó el juicio político de la presidenta Rousseff en Brasil, la vicepresidencia (de nuevo) ha sido criticada en América Latina. Se renueva una larga trayectoria de críticas a la vicepresidencia por ser una fuente de conflictos e inestabilidad. Sin embargo, este artículo argumenta que la crítica adolece de una conceptualización equivocada que confunde el problema de la vicepresidencia con tres problemas de sucesión en sistemas presidenciales: los problemas de lealtad, de legitimidad y de sustitución presidencial. Con el uso de una base de datos nueva sobre las reglas de sucesión en América Latina, el artículo, mediante un análisis comparativo e histórico, discute cómo los sistemas políticos han respondido a estos problemas a través de reformas constitucionales a las reglas de sucesión y cómo las recientes interrupciones presidenciales en la región desafían el grado en el que las reglas de sustitución presidencial puedan resolver las crisis presidenciales.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: After Vice-President Temer supported the impeachment of President Rousseff in Brazil, the vice presidency has (again) received criticism in Latin America. The newly raised criticism echoes a long-standing critique of the vice presidency as a source of conflict and instability. This article, however, argues that the criticism suffers from a misconception and that it is confounded with three problems of presidential succession inherent to presidential systems: the problems of loyalty, legitimacy and presidential substitution. Through a comparative and historical analysis based on a new database on rules of succession in Latin America, the article discusses how these problems have been met and attempted resolved through reforming the rules of succession, and how the recent presidential interruptions in the region present a new problem of presidential substitution that challenges the extent to which the rules of presidential substitution are fit to resolve presidential crises.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vicepresidencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[presidencialismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reglas de sucesión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inestabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reformas constitucionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vice presidency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[presidentialism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rules of succession]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[instability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[constitutional reforms]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ackerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bruce]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Failure of the Founding Fathers: Jefferson, Marshall, and the Rise of Presidential Democracy]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adkison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Danny M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Electoral Significance of the Vice Presidency]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Presidential Studies Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>330-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Evolving Vice Presidency]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Temple Law Review]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>812-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catherine]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los primeros proyectos constitucionales en México y su influencia británica (1821-1836)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>5-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Asamblea Nacional</collab>
<source><![CDATA[La enmienda fue declarada inconstitucional por el Tribunal Supremo de Justicia]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Asamblea Nacional</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Proyecto de enmienda constitucional número 2]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baumgartner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jody C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The American Vice Presidency Reconsidered]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Westport ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Praeger]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BBC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Dilma de diz 'indignada' e 'injustiçada' e acusa Temer de conspirar 'abertamente']]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>BBC Mundo</collab>
<source><![CDATA[¿Conciliador o usurpador?: Quién es Michel Temer, el sustituto de Dilma Rousseff en la presidencia de Brasil]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bidegain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vicepresidentes en América del Sur: Una agenda de investigación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Colombia Internacional]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>89</numero>
<issue>89</issue>
<page-range>161-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brownlee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jason]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hereditary Succession in Modern Autocracies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Politics]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>595-628</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campillo Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Elecciones dominicanas: Contribución a su estudio]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santo Domingo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Dominicana de la Historia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Liñán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aníbal]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Threat of Impeachment Can Push Presidents out the Door: But There's a Catch]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Washington Post: Monkey Cage]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nelson]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La sorprendente historia de los vicepresidentes argentinos]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones B Argentina]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chanamé Orbe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La república inconclusa]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lima ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Derrama Magisterial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cosío Villegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La Constitución de 1857y sus críticos]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. Homer]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Vice-Presidency]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Western Political Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1948</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>311-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jon]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Constitutionalism in Eastern Europe: An Introduction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[University of Chicago Law Review]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>447-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feerick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Vice-Presidency and the Problems of Presidential Succession and Inability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fordham Law Review]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>457-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fix-Zamudio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galeana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Marco jurídico]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>198-242</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallagher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peter]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Representative Government in Modern Europe]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[McGraw-Hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joel K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Modern American Vice Presidency: The Transformation of a Political Institution]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Princeton ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Princeton University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Stephen M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidential Impeachment in Partisan Times: The Historical Logic of Informal Constitutional Change]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<numero>18-3</numero>
<issue>18-3</issue>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Tulane University School of Law]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Estrella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Vicepresidencia en Brasil, más factor de crisis que de estabilidad]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IPS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María del Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sobre la sustitución presidencial]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nuria]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios jurídicos en homenaje a Marta Morineau: Sistemas jurídicos contemporáneos]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<page-range>409-39</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Problems of Successorship in Dictatorial Regimes: A Study in Comparative Law and Institutions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Politics]]></source>
<year>1952</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>19-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hochstetler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kathryn]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rethinking Presidentialism: Challenges and Presidential Falls in South America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Politics]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>401-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hochstetler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kathryn]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edwards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Margaret E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Failed Presidencies: Identifying and Explaining a South American Anomaly]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Politics in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>31-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Infobae</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Grave crisis en el gobierno de Uruguay: Renunció el vicepresidente Raúl Sendic]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kokkonen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrej]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anders]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Delivering Stability: Primogeniture and Autocratic Survival in European Monarchies 1000-1800]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Political Science Review]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>438-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Santiago]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vicepresidentes en América Latina: ¿Qué hacer?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Infobae]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Presidential or Parliamentary Democracy: Does It Make a Difference?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Failure of Presidential Democracy]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>3-90</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Baltimore ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Johns Hopkins University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conclusions: Presidential Breakdowns Revisited]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidential Breakdowns in Latin America: Causes and Outcomes of Executive Instability in Developing Democracies]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>213-28</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nolte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Detlef]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Many Faces of Latin American Presidentialism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[GIGA Focus Latin America]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El dilema de la lealtad: Algunas razones de la inestabilidad de la vicepresidencia en América Latina]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santiuste Cué]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Salvador]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Con distintos acentos]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Salamanca ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Salamanca]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Explaining Variation of Executive Instability in Presidential Regimes: Presidential Interruptions in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Political Science Review]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>175-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Presidential Succession and Vice Presidency DataBase]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Bergen]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berntzen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Einar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reducing the Perils of Presidentialism in Latin America through Presidential Interruptions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Politics]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>83-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nolte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Detlef]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Paraguay and the Politics of Impeachment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Democracy]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>110-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uggla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fredrik]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Allies and Traitors: Vice-Presidents in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Latin American Studies]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marván Laborde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nueva edición del Diario de Debates del Congreso Constituyente de 1916-1917]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McLynn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Argentine Presidential Election of 1868]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Latin American Studies]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>303-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mecham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Lloyd]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Latin American Constitutions: Nominal and Real]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Journal of Politics]]></source>
<year>1959</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>258-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polga-Hecimovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Parliamentary Solutions to presidential crises in Ecuador]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsteintredet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leiv]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidential Breakdowns in Latin America: Causes and Outcomes of Executive Instability in Developing Democracies]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>73-90</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa G.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Apuntes para una historia de la vicepresidencia y de los vicepresidentes de Bolivia]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aliaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El vicepresidente: ¿La sombra del poder?]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>91-104</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Paz ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vicepresidencia de la República]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mieres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pampín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La trayectoria de los vicepresidentes en los regímenes presidencialistas de América]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Estudios Políticos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>167</numero>
<issue>167</issue>
<page-range>99-132</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Natoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marie D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Abolish the Vice Presidency?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Presidential Studies Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>202-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Minority Presidents and Types of Government in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Politics and Society]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>63-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negretto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Making Constitutions: Presidents, Parties, and Institutional Choice in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Choosing the Vice President]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PS: Political Science and Politics]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>858-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lenín Moreno ratificó que Jorge Glas dejó de ser vicepresidente del Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[El Comercio]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La vicepresidencia en Colombia: Historia de una institución cuestionada]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Credencial Historia]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>39</numero>
<issue>39</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pachano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simón]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gobernabilidad democrática y reformas institucionales y políticas en Ecuador]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martin]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jácome]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francine]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desafíos de la gobernabilidad democrática: Reformas político institucionales y movimientos sociales en la Región Andina]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lima ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Estudios Peruanos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pamela]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Convocar a nuevas elecciones pide la mitad de la población]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[La República]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Liñán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aníbal]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pugna de poderes y crisis de gobernabilidad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Research Review]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>149-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Liñán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aníbal]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidential Impeachment and the New Political Instability in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Liñán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aníbal]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polga-Hecimovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Explaining Military Coups and Impeachments in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Democratization]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>839-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Political Nature of Presidential Impeachment in the United States]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baumgartner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jody C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Naoko]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Checking Executive Power: Presidential Impeachment in Comparative Perspective]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<page-range>21-44</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Westport ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Praeger]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Przeworski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adam]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Latin American Political Regimes in Comparative Perspective]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kingstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Peter]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deborah J.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yashar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Routledge Handbook of Latin American Politics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>542-63</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rebossio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Un vicepresidente. Un problema]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samuels]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidents, Parties, Prime Ministers: How the Separation of Powers Affects Party Organization and Behaviour]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A vice-presidência]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Época]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schlesinger Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arthur M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the Presidential Succession]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Political Science Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>475-505</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrafero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El poder y su sombra: Los vicepresidentes]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación Editorial de Belgrano]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrafero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La vicepresidencia y las coaliciones políticas: El caso de Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Sociología e Política]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>65</numero>
<issue>65</issue>
<page-range>15-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrafero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Siete cuestiones en torno de la teoría de las caídas presidenciales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Política y Gobierno]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>XXV</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>403-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shugart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Matthew S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sindler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Allan P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Make the Vice Presidency an Appointive Office?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Policy Analysis]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>351-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sribman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ariel D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La vicepresidencia argentina (1983-2009)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cadernos de Estudos Latino-Americanos]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediçoes Universidade Fernando Pessoa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sunstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cass R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Impeachment: A Citizens&#8217;s Guide]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sznajder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roniger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Politics of Exile in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Latin American Presidencies Interrupted]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Democracy]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>5-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilmerding Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucius]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Vice Presidency]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Political Science Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1953</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>17-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Witcover]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jules]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Crapshoot: Rolling the Dice on the Vice Presidency]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Crown Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
