<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-2037</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Política y gobierno]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Polít. gob]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-2037</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas A.C., División de Estudios Políticos]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-20372018000100003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Jugadores de veto y cambio constitucional: ¿Se puede desbloquear la Constitución de Pinochet?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Veto Players and Constitutional Change Can Pinochet&#8217;s Constitution be unlocked?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsebelis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[George]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Michigan Departamento de Ciencia Política ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>30</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-20372018000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-20372018000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-20372018000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo analiza las disposiciones de enmienda de la Constitución chilena y las encuentra inusuales en una perspectiva comparada. Explica su peculiaridad desde las condiciones históricas de su adopción original en 1925. Así pues, encuentra que las disposiciones de enmienda son muy difíciles de superar, particularmente por las (justificadas) intenciones de reemplazar completamente la constitución existente (de Pinochet). En consecuencia, no se pueden incluir enmiendas importantes en el nuevo proyecto, y es probable que la mayoría de las nuevas disposiciones tengan un carácter simbólico.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The paper analyzes the amendment provisions of the Chilean Constitution and finds them unusual in a comparative perspective. It explains their peculiarity from the historical conditions of their original adoption in 1925. It finds the amendment provisions too difficult to overcome, particularly because of the (justified) intentions of complete replacement of the existing (Pinochet) Constitution. As a result, significant amendments cannot be included in the new draft, and most new provisions are likely to be of symbolic nature.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[leyes orgánicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enmiendas constitucionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organic laws]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[constitutional amendment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;The Unamendable Core of the United States Constitution&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>13-40</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Boston College Law School Faculty Paper]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alessandri Palma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Recuerdos de gobierno: Administración 1920-1925]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Nascimento]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrade Geywitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Reforma de la Constitución Política de la República de Chile de 1980]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Jurídica de Chile]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Historia de la ley 20 050 que introduce diversas modificaciones a la Constitución Política de la República]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BCN]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernaschina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Génesis de la Constitución de 1925&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anales de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>46-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Political Science and Constitutional Law]]></source>
<year>1890</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boston y Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ginn &amp; Company]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Looking Backward, Defining the Future: Constitutional Design in Chile 1980-2005&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CII Reunión Anual de la American Political Science Association]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Filadelfia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Shifting the Statu Quo: Constitutional Reforms in Chile&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Politics and Society]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>99-122</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;You Win Some, You Lose Some: Constitutional Reforms in Chile&#8217;s Transition to Democracy&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Politics and Society]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>163-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[La Porta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-de-Silanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pop-Eleches]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shleifer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Judicial Checks and Balances&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Political Economy]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>445-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Longaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Andrew Jackson and the Judiciary&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Political Science Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1956</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>341-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lijphart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-six Democracies]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Haven ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Yale University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;How to Measure Constitutional Rigidity: Four Concepts and Two Alternatives&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Theoretical Politics]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>339-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lutz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Toward a Theory of Constitutional Amendment&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Political Science Review]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>355-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministerio del Interior</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Actas Oficiales de las Sesiones celebradas por la Comisión y Sub-comisiones encargadas del estudio del Proyecto de Nueva Constitución Política de la República]]></source>
<year>1925</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imprenta Universitaria]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verdugo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Crisis and Expansion of Rights as Drivers of Constitutional Moments in Emerging Democracies: The Case of Chile, 1990-2016&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Transforming a Political Regime: The Chilean Constitution of 1925&#8221;]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Department of Political Science, University of Chicago]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;The Transformation of a Political Regime: Chile&#8217;s 1925 Constitution&#8221;]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Guadalajara, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[XX Congreso Internacional de la Asociación de Estudios Latinoamericanos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsebelis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Princeton ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Princeton University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsebelis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Constitutional Rigidity: A Veto Players Approach&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ann Arbor ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Michigan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsebelis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;The Time Inconsistency of Long Constitutions: Evidence from the World&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Political Research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsebelis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alemán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Presidential Conditional Agenda Setting in Latin America&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Politics]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>396-420</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Political Brokers in Chile: Local Government in a Centralized Polity]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Durham ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Duke University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vial]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gonzalo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;La Constitución de 1925&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Historia de Chile, 1891-1973]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Santillana del Pacífico]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waldron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Law and disagreement]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
