<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1456</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Biotecnia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Biotecnia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1456</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Sonora, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-14562025000100149</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18633/biotecnia.v27.2406</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Improved Mexican Varieties of Bread Wheat: Characterization and evaluation of Physical and Viscoelastic Properties]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Variedades Mexicanas Mejoradas de Trigo Panadero: Caracterización y Evaluación de Propiedades Físicas y Viscoelásticas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Colín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dulce María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escalante-Aburto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anayansi]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ponce-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nestor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEMéx) Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Toluca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Toluca ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-14562025000100149&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-14562025000100149&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-14562025000100149&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The moisture content influences the physical-mechanical and viscoelastic properties of wheat grains. A higher moisture content markedly reduced the hardness and elasticity of grains while increasing axial dimensions and plastic work. This research aimed to analyze wheat grains&#8217; physical-mechanical and viscoelastic properties from four improved Mexican varieties. The small-strain uniaxial compression method was employed to achieve this, considering 12 %, 16 %, and 20 % moisture content levels. Additionally, the study sought to identify potential correlations between these properties. For the viscoelastic properties, statistically significant differences were observed among the varieties in terms of total (Wt), elastic (We), and plastic work (Wp), as well as the degree of elasticity (DE). These parameters showed a gradual decrease with increasing moisture content. The study also revealed significant correlations between specific physical and viscoelastic properties. Notably, negative correlations (P &lt; 0.05) were found between DE, thickness, and length dimensions. Furthermore, the bulk density exhibited highly significant negative correlations (P &lt; 0.01) with Wp and highly significant positive correlations (P &lt; 0.01) with DE. Regarding viscoelastic properties, the Z1 and X5 varieties exhibited superior performance, showing favorable outcomes in Wt and We and their physical-mechanical characteristics.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las propiedades físico-mecánicas y viscoelásticas de los granos de trigo están influenciadas por el contenido de humedad. A mayor contenido, la dureza y elasticidad de los granos reduce notablemente, e inversamente, las dimensiones axiales y el trabajo plástico se incrementan. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar las propiedades físico-mecánicas y viscoelásticas de granos de trigo de cuatro variedades mejoradas mexicanas evaluadas a diferentes contenidos de humedad: 12 %, 16 % y 20 %. Las propiedades viscoelásticas se evaluaron mediante el método de compresión uniaxial bajo pequeña deformación. Como resultado se identificaron correlaciones entre algunas propiedades físico-mecánicas y viscoelásticas. En términos de trabajo total (Wt), plástico (Wp), elástico (We) y grado de elasticidad (GE), se observaron diferencias estadísticas significativas entre variedades. Estos parámetros mostraron una disminución gradual con el aumento del contenido de humedad. El estudio también reveló correlaciones significativas entre algunas propiedades físico-mecánicas y viscoelásticas. En particular, se observaron correlaciones negativas (P &lt; 0.05) entre el GE y las dimensiones axiales grosor y longitud. La densidad aparente mostró correlaciones altamente significativas (P &lt; 0.01), negativa con Wp y positiva con el GE. Las variedades Z1 y X5 mostraron un mejor comportamiento viscoelástico, particularmente en Wt y We, así como en sus características físicas y mecánicas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Moisture content]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[uniaxial compression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[small-strain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[grain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Triticum aestivum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Contenido de humedad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[compresión uniaxial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pequeña-deformación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[grano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Triticum aestivum]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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