<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1456</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Biotecnia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Biotecnia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1456</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Sonora, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-14562024000100173</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18633/biotecnia.v26.2356</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Toxicidad aguda de pimetrozina y flonicamid en dos especies de abejas sin aguijón]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Acute toxicity of pymetrozine and flonicamid in two stingless bee species]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uh-Ek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gimena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Esaú]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballina-Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Horacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Góngora-Gamboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico Nacional de México Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Conkal Yucatán]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-14562024000100173&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-14562024000100173&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-14562024000100173&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Las abejas sin aguijón Melipona beecheii y Nannotrigona perilampoides son vitales en la región Neotropical por su importancia ecológica y económica. Sin embargo, el uso de insecticidas sistémicos en agroecosistemas plantea preocupaciones sobre sus efectos adversos en estos polinizadores. Este estudio evaluó los efectos agudos (2 - 12 h) de los insecticidas flonicamid (Beleaf®) y pimetrozina (Plenum®) en la supervivencia y locomoción de M. beecheii y N. perilampoides. Las abejas se expusieron a dosis de 250 mg/L de flonicamid y 500 mg/L de pimetrozina mediante vía oral y residual en laboratorio. La supervivencia se evaluó a las 4, 8 y 12 h, y la locomoción mediante la velocidad de caminata y actividad de vuelo a las dos h. En M. beecheii, la exposición oral afectó la supervivencia solo a las 12 h, sin efectos residuales. En N. perilampoides, la exposición oral no afectó la supervivencia, pero la exposición residual sí. Ambos insecticidas redujeron la locomoción en M. beecheii solo por exposición oral, mientras que en N. perilampoides ambos tipos de exposición mostraron efectos negativos. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de evaluar los efectos de insecticidas sistémicos en diferentes especies de abejas y múltiples vías de exposición para mitigar los riesgos ambientales.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Stingless bees Melipona beecheii and Nannotrigona perilampoides are crucial for the Neotropical region due to their ecological and economic importance. However, the widespread use of systemic insecticides in agroecosystems raises concerns about their potential adverse effects on these essential pollinators. This study assessed the acute effects (2 - 12 h) of flonicamid (Beleaf®) and pymetrozine (Plenum®) on the survival and locomotion of M. beecheii and N. perilampoides. Bees were exposed to 250 mg/L of flonicamid and 500 mg/L of pymetrozine via oral and residual contact in the laboratory. Survival was measured at four, eight, and 12 h, while locomotion was evaluated by walking speed and flight activity at two hours. In M. beecheii, oral exposure impacted survival only at 12 h, with no residual effects. In N. perilampoides, oral exposure did not affect survival, but residual exposure did. Both insecticides reduced locomotion in M. beecheii only with oral exposure, whereas N. perilampoides showed negative effects from both exposure types. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating systemic insecticides&#8217; impacts on different bee species and considering multiple exposure routes to accurately assess toxicity and mitigate risks to pollination and the environment.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Survival]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[locomotion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Melipona beecheii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Nannotrigona perilampoides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Supervivencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[locomoción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Melipona beecheii]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Nannotrigona perilampoides]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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