<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1456</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Biotecnia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Biotecnia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1456</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Sonora, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-14562022000200028</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18633/biotecnia.v24i2.1616</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Physicochemical study of chitin and chitosan obtained from California brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus californiensis) exoskeleton]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio Fisicoquímico de Quitina y Quitosana obtenidas a partir del exoesqueleto de camarón café (Farfantepenaeus californiensis)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Robinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Inzunza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rochín-Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Córdova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Quiroz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. Grupo de Investigación en Biopolímeros ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Sonora Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Metalurgia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo Departamento de Ingeniería Química ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Michoacan]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>28</fpage>
<lpage>35</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-14562022000200028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-14562022000200028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-14562022000200028&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This work describes the physicochemical study of chitin and chitosan isolated from the brown shrimp exo-skeleton (Farfantepenaeus californiensis), which is collected from the Gulf of California. A consecutive treatment carried out the chitin isolation process, including demineralization and deproteinization. On the other hand, the preparation of chitosan was through alkaline hydrolysis, and the product purified by using membrane filter series to homogenize the macromolecular chains size. According to the methodology, the chitin and chitosan yield was around 33 % and 23 % (dry weight), respectively. The materials characterization was by FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, the analysis of chitosan samples were by proximal test, viscometric -average molecular weight, and deacetylation degree. The products exhibited chemical structure and physicochemical properties comparable to biopolymers isolated from similar sources reported in the literature. Chitosan showed a 15.87 % degree of acetylation (by 1H-NMR analysis) and a Mv=170kDa. The results show the chitinous waste from the Sea of Cortez coast, as a promising chitosan source for several applications in the region.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este trabajo describe el aislamiento de quitina y optimización del proceso de desacetilación para obtener quitosana a partir del exoesqueleto de camarón café (Farfan-tepenaeus californiensis), recolectado del Golfo de California. La extracción de quitina se realizó a través de un proceso consecutivo de desmineralización y desproteinización. Por otro lado, la desacetilación se llevó a cabo por hidrólisis alcalina, y el producto se purificó utilizando una serie de filtros de membrana para homogeneizar el tamaño de las cadenas macromoleculares. De acuerdo con la metodología seguida, se obtuvo rendimiento del 33 % y 23 % (base seca) de quitina y quitosana, respectivamente. Los materiales se caracterizaron por espectroscopía FTIR y análisis termogravimétrico. Asimismo, se evaluó el análisis proximal, peso molecular viscosimétrico y el grado de acetilación en la muestra de quitosana. Los productos obtenidos presentaron estructura química y propiedades fisicoquímicas comparables con los biopolímeros aislados por métodos similares reportados en la literatura. Se encontró que la quitosana pura tiene un grado de acetilación de 15.87 % (estimado por 1H-RMN) y Mv=170kDa. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que los desechos quitinosos del Mar de Cortés pueden considerarse como una fuente importante para la preparación de quitosana y utilizarse para diversas aplicaciones de la región.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biopolymers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[crustacean waste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[isolation of chitin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[viscosity-average molecular weight]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[degree of acetylation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biopolímeros]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[residuo de crustáceo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aislamiento de quitina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[peso molecular viscosimétrico promedio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[grado de acetilación]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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