<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462023000600374</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.23000103</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determination of surgical intervention in pre-term infants with necrotizing enterocolitis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinación de intervención quirúrgica en pacientes pretérmino con enterocolitis necrosante]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morón-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela del C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Salud del Estado de México Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini Sáenz Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México State of Mexico]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de México Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia Servicio de Neonatología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México State of Mexico]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>374</fpage>
<lpage>380</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000600374&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000600374&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000600374&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common surgical disease in the neonatal period with a high mortality rate. To date, there is no consensus on the indications for surgery in the absence of pneumoperitoneum. This study aimed to determine the indications for surgery in pre-term infants with NEC and their mortality.  Methods: We conducted a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study including pre-term infants with NEC from two perinatal hospitals in Toluca, Mexico, between 2017 and 2022. Descriptive and inferential statistics and group comparisons were performed using Fisher and Kruskal–Wallis tests.  Results: Of 236 patients with NEC, 52 (22%) required surgery; we analyzed 42 cases with complete clinical records. The indications for surgery were divided into (a) clinical deterioration (33.3%); (b) radiographic findings (31%); (c) laboratory alterations (19%); and (d) positive paracentesis (16.7%). The group of radiographic findings underwent surgery later, up to 2 days after the other groups. The mortality rate of surgical NEC was 42.9%.  Conclusions: The most common indication for surgery in pre-term infants with NEC was clinical worsening despite optimal medical management; radiographic findings were the indication associated with the highest mortality. Laboratory abnormalities and positive paracentesis were the indications with the best outcomes but the least used.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La enterocolitis necrosante (ECN) es la enfermedad quirúrgica más frecuente en la etapa neonatal con una alta mortalidad. A la fecha, no existe consenso en las indicaciones quirúrgicas en ausencia de neumoperitoneo. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer las indicaciones de cirugía en neonatos pretérmino con ECN y la mortalidad.  Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal y retrospectivo, incluyendo a neonatos pretérmino con ECN de dos hospitales perinatales de Toluca, México, entre 2017 a 2022. Se realizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial y comparación de grupos con prueba de Fisher y Kruskal - Wallis.  Resultados: De 236 pacientes con ECN, 52 (22%) requirieron cirugía; se presenta el análisis de 42 casos con su expediente clínico completo. Las indicaciones para intervención se dividieron en los siguientes grupos: a) deterioro clínico (33.3%); b) hallazgos radiográficos (31%); c) alteraciones de laboratorio (19%) y d) paracentesis positiva (16.7%). El grupo de hallazgos radiográficos se operó más tardíamente, hasta dos días después de los demás grupos. La mortalidad en ECN quirúrgica fue del 42.9%.  Conclusiones: La indicación más utilizada para determinar cirugía en neonatos pretérmino con ECN fue el deterioro clínico a pesar de terapéutica médica máxima; los hallazgos radiográficos fueron la indicación que se relacionó con mayor mortalidad. Las alteraciones de laboratorio y paracentesis positiva fueron las de mejores resultados, pero las menos empleadas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Necrotizing enterocolitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surgery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Newborn]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enterocolitis necrosante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cirugía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recién nacido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pediatría]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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